A single gas well leak is California's biggest contributor t

Hard to overstate the significance of this topic. Unfortunately, the material in here will become more and more depressing as time goes on. Not much hope of any alternative to that.

A single gas well leak is California's biggest contributor t

Postby admin » Mon Jan 11, 2016 8:35 pm

A single gas well leak is California's biggest contributor to climate change
Rupture of Aliso Canyon well has released more than 77,000 metric tons of methane and refocused attention on America’s accident-prone infrastructure
by Suzanne Goldenberg
January 5, 2016

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CalGas crews and technical experts try to stop the flow of natural gas leaking from a storage well at the utility’s Aliso Canyon facility. Photograph: Javier Mendoza/AP

The single biggest contributor to climate change in California is a blown-out natural gas well more than 8,700ft underground, state authorities and campaign groups said Monday.

The broken well at the Aliso Canyon natural gas storage site has released more than 77,000 metric tons of the powerful climate pollutant methane since the rupture was first detected on 23 October, according to a counter created by the Environmental Defense Fund.

Methane is a fast-acting climate pollutant – more than 80 times more powerful than carbon dioxide over a 20-year time frame.

Experts believe the breach, which has forced the evacuation of hundreds of residents from the town of Porter Ranch, is the largest ever in the US.

Locals have complained of headaches, sore throats, nosebleeds and nausea, caused by the rotten-egg smell of the odorant added to the gas to aid leak detection by SoCalGas, the utility that operates the natural gas storage site.

About 1,000 people are suing the company. There are also concerns about the leak’s effect on smog and ozone. The company said it was monitoring air quality.

The leak is unlikely to be brought under control before late February – and even that timetable depends on work crews’ success in locating and plugging a 7-inch pipe deep underground.

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The first direct overhead photos of the leaking Aliso Canyon well pad in Los Angeles. Photograph: Earthworks

Campaign groups said the release undercuts Barack Obama’s efforts to slow the rate of global warming to avoid a tipping point and live up to US commitments to a historic climate accord agreed in Paris last month.

Obama is expected to tout his climate agenda during his State of the Union address on 12 January – one of his last big moments remaining to promote a key presidential priority.

Carbon dioxide is still the biggest driver of climate change. But because methane emissions are on the rise and exercise such a powerful effect in the short-term, they are a growing source of concern as governments try to avoid a climate tipping point.

A byproduct of the oil and gas industry and agriculture, methane accounts for about a quarter of the world’s warming.

The release of methane from the ruptured well has now slowed considerably since its peak in late November, according to Carb.

Back then, the climate impact was equivalent to the daily emissions from 7 million cars – or the equivalent of six coal-fired power plants, or three-quarters of the emissions from the state’s entire oil refining industry, according to EDF.

But David Clegern, a spokesman for the agency, said the well remained a major source of climate pollution. “It is in California at this point the single largest source point of global warming,” Clegern said.

He also said it was to his knowledge the biggest such natural gas leak ever. “We haven’t been able to see anything anywhere near this size.”

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Crews work on a relief well at the Aliso Canyon facility. Photograph: Dean Musgrove/AP

The Aliso Canyon well failure was widely seen as the climate equivalent of the BP disaster in the Gulf of Mexico. The April 2010 blow-out of BP’s well killed 11 and caused vast damage to fisheries and the environment in the three months it took to get under control.

The Aliso Canyon leak is much less visible than BP’s oil disaster, but Mark Brownstein, who heads the climate and energy program at EDF, said it is a serious threat.

“For the planet it is a big deal because methane is a such a powerful greenhouse gas, and the huge amount of gas that is escaping,” he said.

The rupture at the Aliso Canyon facility has refocused attention on America’s ageing and accident-prone oil and gas infrastructure. Many such leaks go undetected.

The Environmental Protection Agency is due to issue much-anticipated rules to control methane emissions from the oil and gas industry later this year. Gina McCarthy, who heads the EPA, said on Monday that the rules could avoid up to 400,000 metric tons of methane by 2025.

The Aliso Canyon storage site is one of the biggest such facilities in the country, and was originally built for the oil industry about 60 years ago. When the oil fields were exhausted, the well was repurposed as a storage site.

R Rex Parris, who is suing the gas company on behalf of Porter Ranch residents, said the site should have been shut down long ago.

He faulted the company for removing a blow-out preventer at the bottom of the well in 1979. “They deliberately took the brakes off the car and continued to drive it. That’s the best metaphor I can come up with, he said. “They are saying it’s an accident that they ran into somebody. I’m saying: ‘no, it was inevitable’.”

A company spokeswoman said the well was in compliance with state regulations.
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Re: A single gas well leak is California's biggest contribut

Postby admin » Tue Jan 19, 2016 9:22 am

MASSIVE GAS LEAK PUTS CALIFORNIANS’ HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT IN JEOPARDY
By Adrian Martinez
January 12, 2016

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An overhead photo of the leaking Aliso Canyon well pad, which is polluting the Porter Ranch community in Los Angeles County. EARTHWORKS / CC 2.0 BY

Since October, people across the nation have been monitoring a massive leak at SoCal Gas’ natural gas storage facility in the San Fernando Valley. This is the largest underground methane storage facility in the western United States, and the leak is one of the largest environmental disasters ever in Southern California. At a recent public hearing on the gas leak, frustration at the manmade environmental disaster threatened to boil over. Earthjustice is working with groups who want the storage facility shut down because the laws and regulations are not in place to allow this old and deteriorated facility to operate safely.

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Porter Ranch town center. PHOTO BY KENT KANOUSE / CC BY-NC 2.0

Lawsuits have been filed, California’s elected leaders have vowed to take action and Governor Brown has even declared a State of Emergency. The leak, called the Aliso Canyon leak or the Porter Ranch leak, is a local nightmare that has led to health impacts, such as headaches and nausea, and a dramatic reduction in quality of life for local residents.

The effects of this leak are immense. Thousands of people have been displaced and two schools have been relocated. But that’s not all. The implications for climate change are also severe, especially given California’s desire to be a climate leader. One University of California, Davis scientist estimated that the nearly 100,000 pounds of greenhouse gases spewed into the atmosphere every hour from the methane leak is equivalent to “the weight of a U.S. Navy super carrier every month.” The EPA has stated that, “Pound for pound, the comparative impact of [methane] on climate change is more than 25 times greater than CO2 over a 100-year period.”


An infrared view of the natural gas leak at the Aliso Canyon storage facility owned by Southern California Gas Company. ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE FUND/YOUTUBE

The leak is also a call to arms about flaws in the oversight of complex fossil fuel infrastructure, especially in Southern California where residential developments sit side-by-side with flammable, polluting fossil fuel structures. In this case, the storage facility is spewing climate-changing greenhouse gas pollution hourly with a fix more than a month away. The leak is so difficult to address because engineers must slowly and carefully drill two relief wells thousands of feet into the ground to perfectly intercept the leaking 7-inch gas pipe. Reports have surfaced indicating that the leaking well did not include a safety valve, which does not appear to be required under current regulations.

The South Coast Air Quality Management District Hearing Board held a public hearing in the community at the Granada Hills Charter School near Porter Ranch on Saturday, January 9. This agency is responsible for ensuring oil and gas facilities are not creating a nuisance in the region. The hearing attracted one of the largest crowds ever—if not the largest—for a hearing before this board. Given the overwhelming public response, the board had to punt its decision on what to include in an abatement order for SoCal Gas until the following Saturday. (An abatement order requires a company not following the law to clean up its act or shut down.)

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The Aliso Canyon gas and oil field, photographed from Mission Point. PHOTO BY ROY RANDALL/CC BY-NC-ND 2.0

At the hearing, the air district staff and SoCal Gas presented their negotiated plan to address the leak. Their joint filing agrees that the company will monitor the leaking well, inspect the equipment at the entire facility over the next two years and fund a community health study, among other requirements. There will also be financial penalties associated with the leak, but the fees are negotiated privately by the air district legal staff and SoCal Gas.

Earthjustice worked with Food & Water Watch and Save Porter Ranch to provide input to the hearing board. These groups want more than the negotiated terms in place while SoCal Gas works to make the area safe again; they (and others) want the entire gas storage facility shut down. Per the negotiated agreement, SoCal Gas has two years to inspect the entire facility, and under the negotiated approach, the facility will be allowed to operate during this period. Many alarmed residents argue that if it takes two years to inspect the facility to ensure all wells are in working order, SoCal Gas should not be able to operate it in the interim. SoCal Gas needs to draw down the gas reserve as quickly as possible, but once emptied, there should be a complete moratorium on operations. Moreover, residents are calling for greater oversight and transparency over SoCal Gas’ required air monitoring activities.

Between the Santa Barbara oil spill last year and now this massive leak, Californians in particular are seeing strong evidence of the urgent need for action to protect our health and welfare from fossil fuel infrastructure. But they’re not alone. People across the nation face impacts from fossil fuel infrastructure, whether it’s oil and gas wells in neighborhoods or massive refinery complexes. There is clearly a lack of regulatory oversight to match the dangers of this aging infrastructure. Let’s hope the South Coast hearing board steps up to the challenge and places the interests of people and the environment over those of oil and gas companies.
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Re: A single gas well leak is California's biggest contribut

Postby admin » Fri Feb 12, 2016 6:27 am

What the Catastrophic Aliso Canyon Methane Leak Teaches Us About Our Addiction to Fossil Fuels
By Pete Dronkers
January 14, 2016

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To prevent more disasters like Aliso Canyon in California and around the country we need an emergency statewide effort to shut down facilities that lack basic safety equipment, including Aliso Canyon.

It’s early December, and I’m siting in a mega-church packed with more than 500 people. They’re here to listen to an update on the efforts to contain an enormous natural gas blowout that occurred more than a month before. Gas from the leak is being blown by prevailing winds right into their community of Porter Ranch, in Los Angeles County, CA.

People are mad.

Hundreds of families have left their homes to get away from the rotten-egg smell of the gas, and moved into temporary homes elsewhere. Children are attending other schools further from the leak, which is spewing some 110,000 pounds of methane per hour from a broken well less than a mile from the neighborhood.

Trust between the gas company, regulators, and community members seems absent.

People question what else is in the gas that might have long-term health impacts. They want to know why many are suddenly reporting headaches and bloody noses.


I’m sitting in this church because my colleague Hilary Lewis and I were invited to Porter Ranch with our infrared gas-finding camera to see what this high profile disaster actually looks like. Before we arrived, the public had no access to images or video of the gas itself, as it’s invisible to the naked eye.

We meet a local organizer in a supermarket parking lot, exit the vehicle, and even my horrible sense of smell instantly reacts to the scent of the gas more than two miles from where we stand. It’s coming from a well at the Aliso Canyon natural gas storage facility, an 8,000-foot deep sandstone formation — a depleted oil field — that SoCalGas uses to hold vast quantities of gas. In fact, it’s one of the largest gas storage fields in the nation, comprising some 115 extraction and injection wells, some of which operate at pressures above 2,000 pounds per square inch — a hefty load for well casings over 60 years old.

We hike the hills and document the gas blowing sideways and downhill into town. Later that night, we see a plume of gas at least a mile long spanning Aliso Canyon. Of all the sites I’ve shot as a certified infrared thermographer nationwide, this is, hands down, the largest volume of spewing methane gas I’ve ever seen — and I’ve visited nearly a hundred sites around the country, including the Bakken oil fields in North Dakota. Each day, the leak is releasing the same amount of greenhouse gases as the average daily emissions of more than 7 million cars.

This video footage — aired nationally on NBC’s The Rachel Maddow’s Show and many other media outlets — has helped to draw widespread attention to the leak, and has assisted local residents in their efforts to get justice and to hold industry, regulators, and policymakers accountable.

Just ten days later, I return to Aliso Canyon to shoot additional infrared footage for the Environmental Defense Fund from a small chartered aircraft. We fly as close as is safe, seeing a plume nearly 1,000 feet high under calmer wind conditions. The pilot can’t help but note the pungent smell not long after gaining altitude.

We get a view of the well pad itself — a mangled looking mess coated in mud. This mud was used to try to “drown” the well during the first several attempts to plug the leak. Nothing worked. There are huge craters around the well, and no one wants to get too close with machines for fear of a spark turning the entire scene into an enormous fireball.

The footage I shot for EDF makes an even bigger mark on the national consciousness. Soon thereafter, California Governor Jerry Brown declares a state of emergency regarding the leak, and the Los Angeles Times editorializes against fossil fuels, referencing the Aliso Canyon leak.

Right now, as the leak enters its tenth week, the underground pressure has been reduced by half of its original rate, due to the gas escaping from the leak and other actions taken by SoCalGas — the company operating the facility — to withdraw gas in a controlled manner.

It will be months before the leak is repaired. SoCalGas is currently drilling two relief wells to divert the gas below the leak source, much like what was done during the Deepwater Horizon blowout in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010. But by the time the wells are drilled, most of the gas will be gone anyway.

Methane, the primary component of natural gas, is 87 times more harmful to the climate than carbon dioxide over a 20-year period. So far, an estimated 79,000 metric tons of methane have escaped from this one facility — so much that California’s goals to reduce climate pollution have been seriously compromised. It’s estimated that, at its height, the leak increased the state’s daily methane emissions by 25 percent.

What has this disaster taught us? For one thing, it’s yet another affirmation that fossil fuels are not safe or clean, and that things often go horribly wrong when it’s least expected. But more specifically, it highlights the woeful state of regulatory oversight on underground gas storage facilities such as Aliso Canyon. For example, the well casing at the site of the blowout failed hundreds of feet below the surface, likely due to the predictable corrosion of 60 year old well casings. To add insult to injury, the safety shut-off device for this well was removed long ago and never replaced.

So there you have it — a well operating at the upper limit of its pressure tolerance, with a safety valve deliberately removed long before, and a well casing that failed with no safeguards in place to prepare for when that time might come. Aliso Canyon has 114 other wells that could fail at any time unless adequate safeguards are in place.

Thankfully, Governor Brown’s declaration of a state of emergency will force a number of much-needed steps — both immediate and medium-term — that will address the situation. His declaration was much needed because, for example, the California Air Resources Board is considering new regulations that would address leak detection and repair for natural gas infrastructure, but these wouldn’t have applied to underground facilities like Aliso Canyon. Yes, you read that correctly. Now, due to Brown’s declaration, California regulatory bodies, including the Air Resources Board, will be required to assess the long-term viability of natural gas storage facilities in California.

It’s long past time to regulate these facilities properly, or take them offline entirely. Hundreds of underground natural gas storage facilities exist throughout the nation, and many of them could also experience catastrophic failures, in addition to other problems already occurring, such as groundwater contamination.

To prevent more disasters like Aliso Canyon in California and around the country (there are 326 similar facilities nationwide) we need an emergency statewide effort to shut down facilities that lack basic safety equipment, including Aliso Canyon. Gas storage wells that lack shut off valves should be taken offline before other Porter Ranches happen. We also need increased oversight and management of these facilities, not to mention support for residents affected by pollution, including health care and financial compensation.

Moving forward, we also need a rapid transition away from gas. The Solutions Project, an organization working to accelerate the transition to renewable energy, has mapped out a plan for California to achieve 100 percent fossil fuel-free energy by 2050. This transition would protect communities from underground storage risks, gas line leakage, and explosions like the one in San Bruno.

You can see a video here.

Because nearby communities — and the global climate — cannot afford any more disasters, Earthworks, a nonprofit that works to protect communities from the adverse impacts of energy development, is working hand-in-hand with community groups to push for significant regulatory changes and enforcement. Learn more about Earthworks’ work here.
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