Part 14 of 15 (AMENDMENTS AND ANNOTATIONS IN [x] OUPNEK'HAT)
[Latin Version]
"the Pushto, language, inquit, of which I am seen a dictionary, has a manifest ressemblance to the Chaldaic."
Afghani linguam suam pukhto, id est (Persice), coctam, rectam, perfectam, nuncupant; pushto 2 ["Their language, juxta D. Vansittart, is called by them pukhto; but this word is softened, in Persian, in pushto. Ibid. p. 67."], corium cradum, non paratum, vel humile, abjectum, est cavillatio Persica.
To Pokhto a Persico, nisi montana quadam barbarie ad Indoustanum vergente, non differre, statim deprehendet exteris sermonibus assuetus.
Quartam phrasim a D. Vansittart allatam hic tantum dabo 3 [Pushto. Ibid. p. 75.].
Ai mirza keda khoui behteri navi
Da sayed tafavat seh dai leh bamehnah
Puriore dialecto: Ai mirza keh dar khoi behteri nisti
Dar sayed tafavat tscheh dak be haman.
O Mirza, quod(si) in indole (habitu) melius non est (vel, nones),
In sayed differentia quoe in Brahmane?
If the disposition he not good, o Mirza,
What difference is there between a sayed and a Brahman?
Longe aliud de duobus Academiae Calcuttanoe sociis, nempe DD. Samuel Davis et Francis Wilford, ferendum judicium. Prioris Dissertationem sat profundam 4 [Asiatic. Research. T. 2, p. 225-287.], Of the astronomical computations by the Indus, in qua remotissinia Indicas chronologiae elementa, principia inveniet; posterioris opus 1 [Ibid. T. 5, p. 241-295.], Of the chronology of the Indus, ubi quod spectat praesertim ad ante-diluvianorum seu primorum hominum seriem, et praecipua loca antiquitus ad Gangem et vicinos fluvios, rivos, secundum Groecos, Latinos et Indos, invicem comparatos, sita, ingeniose tractatur; Asiaticarum rerum peritus, etiam non approbatis omnibus ethymologiis, nec non citatorum, translatorum operum auctoritate, aut antiquitate, cum fructu et non injucunde perleget.
Pag. 389, lin. 19, 20, 21, 23: Pranou .... quod prius a cogitatione et mortificatione [x] Brahma (az feker o riazzat Brahma .... (apparentia fuerunt).
Pranou, Oum, quod unum aiet est, Brahm ipse, prius a Brahma, verbum divinum, aeternum, quamvis verbum [x] Brahm, quod originem quamdam includit, semen [x] Beid.
Ibid. lin. 24; pag. 390, lin. 19, 20; pag. 391, lin. 4: Et pranou hujusmodi res est .... in initio omnium actionum dictum fiat, et in perfectione (fine) cujusvis actionis etiam dictum fiat (dar eptedhai hameh karha gofteh mischavad o dar atmam hameh karha ham gofteh mischavad) .... obtinet (obtinebit).
Necessitas, tempus [z] Oum pronunciandi, efficacitas istius pronunciationis; magni illius nominis natura.
Veneranda antiquae devotionis sanctio (in initio, in fine cujusvis actionis etc). Omnia in nomine Entis supremi incipere, perficere, cum omnia, in natura, ab eo incipiant, per id subsistant, in id resolvantur, homo ipsum illud sit, ab eo nunquam separatus esse debeat, revera sit, cuncta ejus auspicio, protectione, sacri nominis pronunciatione acquisita, peragi, rationi aeque ac relligioni consentaneum.
Verum, in Europa, haec humilis et attenta Creatoris, cuncta nutu moderantis, infatigabili oculo inspicientis, veneratio, servitus repellenda, fanatismus liberis ingeniis videbitur. Materialistas nihil praeter sensus, eorum objecta, ventrem, pensitantes, eo dementiae devenire mirum non est. Novi Titanes Deum ipsum e caelo dejicere, si vis suppeteret, tentarent. At cum Gallos Ens supremum e politicarum rerum administratione, quasi Ens inutile, otiosum, imo nocens, eliminare considerat, haeret mens stupefacta.
N.° CLXIX.Pag. 391, lin. 7: Soudha.
Samskretice, soudhihi, vir doctus, intelligens.
Lin. 11, 12, 13, 14: Oum... prius ab omni... filius magnus (primus)... dictum (est). Peser kalan iaani az afridgar awel az hameh in kalmeh zzaher schod azindjehet peser kalan afridgar goft (ast).
E manuscripto nationali desumptum: deest in meo ms. AEterna et primaria Verbi divini, filii Creatoris dicti, generatio, clarius, lucidius exprimi non poterat.
Pag. 391, lin. 15; pag. 392, lin. 15: Cum [x] pranou dixerunt .... forma ipsum est.
Nova belli (supra, T. I, N.° v, p. 16-2.1) bonorum Angelorum cum malis narratio. Priores [x] Oum pronunciando victoriam obtinent; et eorum exemplo, quisquis Oum, nomen Dei, in quolibet opere adhibet, opus illud forma [x] Oum fit, religiosi actus homo pretium recipit.
aeaeae
N.° CLXX.Lin. 18, 19; pag. 394, lin. 5: principium hujus kalmeh quid est?.... appropriationem (addictionem) habet?
36 de nomine Oum quaestiones, sigillatim propositae, et curioso modo solutae.
Pag. 393, lin. 26; Beid khanon; lege: Beid khanan.
Pag. 394, lin. 8, 9, 11: Principium ejus, ab (aqua) est... av.... nutritionis.
Supra (N.° clxviii, p. 385), a nominis Oum figura prima, Brahma aquam scivit.
Samskretice, ava, adverbium perfectionis, per: ava bhutih, bonus status.
1.° Agitur de av, aou, prima verbi Oum figura.
Significatio ex aqua (ab) desumpta, sensui p. 385 indicato, magis convenit.
In margine, pone notam juxta principium, lin. 8, 2 lin. inferius.
2.° Lin. 17, 18, 19, 20; si unam litteram.... si omnes litteras .... sensus superveniat.
Vox, tota, integra, vel una littera pronuncietur, idem erit sensus.
3.° lin. 21, 23: quamlibet litteram.... in to pranou ingreditur.
Id est, sive vocabulo Oum littera praeponatur, aut postponatur, Oum simpliciter pronunciatur; ista littera cum propria significatione in Oum (ejus sensui aliquid addendo, ut cum h praefixo Oum magnum) ingressa. Pag. 393, lin. 5-7.
4.° Pag. 394, lin. penult. ultima: Et e pronunciatione.... mutatione non est.
Similiter in ms. nationali. Oum, lin. 2, p. 395, et cum masculino (genere) etc. jungendum. Sensus erit: nec pronunciando, sive masculinum, sive femininum efferatur, inde oritur mutatio; tria genera pariter, per pronunciationem, vel adjectiva, voci Oum possunt addici.
5.° Pag. 395, lin. 1: Id alta (voce) pronunciant.
Transpositione, pag. 396, lin. 3, respondetur.
6.° Pag. 395, lin. 5: Id etiam omne....
Scilicet, singulariter, pluraliter, dualiter (per omne), articulo, vel adjectivo, emissum idem semper sensum habet.
7.°-12.° Lin. 6-12. Id, ... dixit.
Septem quaestionibus affirmative respondetur.
14.° Lin. 13: Relatio.
Nempe, quamlibet rem r[x] Oum adjungant, nomen unum et idem, sicut et virtus, influxus.
15.° Lin. 14, 15: Et e mutatione.... [x] alef.
Supra, p. 394, uberior data explicatio.
16.° Lin. 16: Et e mutatione [x] b.
Vide loco citato.
17.° Lin. 18: Et ex his duobus....
Inde Oum quasi conflatum, trium litterarum vi efficacia pollens.
18.° Lin. 19: Et matrai ejus tria.
Tria matra, tres litterae.
19.° Lin. 20: Et id cum tribus mad.
Hic clare a matra, littera, syllaba, distinguitur mad, quod, ut medda, vocalem producit: tria mad erunt tria tempora pronunciatione expressa: quod [x] mad proprium [x] matra minus recte tribuit eruditus Halhed 1 [A code of Gentoo laws. Pref. p. XXIV, XXV; supra, p. 652.].
20.° Lin. 21: [x] nim matrai quartum.... cum (sono) nazali est.
Juxta Samskreticam grammaticam, a Nath. Halhed citatam, "a consonant without a vowel has the half matrang (mad)"; hic sono nazali juncta; ut supra, N.° clxviii, p. 388; matrai efficit.
21.° Lin. 22, 23, 24: Cum hac ratione tria.... etc. fiat.
22.° Quaestio, cum qua [x] conjunctum (p. 393, lin. 13), omissa. Responsio, ex pag. 400, erit: aqua.
23.°, 24.° Lin. 24, 26, 27, 28; Eductio... duo locus (loci) .... guttur.... utrumque labium.
E gutture et labiis promit. Haec duo emissionis [x] oum loca et organa.
25.° Lin. penultima; pag. 396, lin. 1; Et litterae.... separatum est.... cum [x] conjungere [x] djezm.
Quaestioni, litteroe quot, respondetur: tres separatae; nec signo djezm litterae mim addito, sensus mutatur.
Pag. 396, lin. 3, 4, 5: Et id demissa (voce)... media... alta pronunciavit.
Quaestioni quintae (supra, p. 395, lin. 1) respondetur.
Lin. 6, 8: Ei super unico, et assimilatione... (... dicere).
Explicatur jam datum quaestioni sextae (p. 395, lin. 5) responsum.
26.° Lin. 9; p. 397, lin. 5: Et magni.... pronunciavit.
Quaestioni, et modus [x] enunciare.... et facientes discere... (p. 393, lin. 15), satis plene et lucide respondetur.
Lin. 14, 15: in regno [x] Kanoudj, doctus.... (facundus) Anheh.
Antiquis istis temporibus, in urbe Kanoudj, facundum quemdam virum rectae nominis Oum pronunciationi studuisse, cum res ad relligionem pertineat, et in duobus mundis tanta inde veniant emolumenta, nihil mirum.
Lin. 21, mali; lege: male.
Ibid. lin. 25; pag. 397, lin. 5: hae sex novae res.... (pronunciare).
Sex novae illae pronunciationis nominis Oum conditiones sunt: 1.° e locis indicatis supra, egrediatur; 2.° in operibus initio, fine emittatur; 3.° juxta grammaticae leges; 4.° mensuris, matrai, mad et significatione cognitis; 5.° simul ut statutis operum temporibus; 6.° non perfunctorie, sed ut debitum officium hoc opus exequendo.
In margine, pone notam, a latere vocabuli pronunciatio.
Pag. 397, lin. 1; tempora, sit; lege: tempora operum, sit.
27.° Lin. 6, 7: Et mensura ejus, [x] kaitri.
Mensura, una voce Oum quandoque constans.
28.° Lin. 8: Et color [x] pranou album est.
Album, a puritate.
29.° Lin. 9, 24, 25: Modus operum... in principio... Et Oum.
Modi, quo Oum pronunciari debet, pars data est (p. 396, lin. 9, 10 etc.): hic, in quibus operibus, nempe relligiosis officiis, sacris lectionibus, quae sunt manthrai, kalmeha, Brahmen et ipsa Beid, ut dicitur p. 399, lin. 2 etc.; voces quae supra (N.° clxviii, p. 388, 389), nomen primum, 2.um, 3.um, 4.um [x] kalmeh unificationis, hoc ipsum kalmeh appellantur, unum aiet efficientes: hoc omne hic indicatur.
30.° Quaestioni, caput [x] pranou, quodnam (pag. 393, lin. 19), respondetur, N.° clxxi, p. 410: nimirum, duo capita habet, alef ac vau (aou), et mim nazale.
31.°-36.° Quaestionibus (p. 393, lin. 20- ultima), numerus [x] Oum pronunciare etc.; explicatio ejus in quonam kessah etc.; Beid in quanam littera ejus etc.; propter quid in principio omnium actionum; pronunciant; o mokel ejus etc.; hora bona... etc. propter [x] legere.... (quoenam): pag. 399-400 responsum datur.
Pro viribus, quaestionibus responsiones aptare conatus sum. Si non omnia optime concordant, sum quidem in culpa; verum antiquorum Indiae librorum formae, genio aliquid etiam tribuendum: in iis, plerumque didacticus ordo nullus; saltem frequenter turbidus. Hariolandi quandoque necessitas, ut in veteribus aliarum gentium monumentis, excusationem pariat. Unum quid addam. Quoties Indicus liber in manum incidit, ubi presso ratiocinationis, argumentationis seriei congruo ordine materia tractatur, eum recentioris auctoris foetum tute dixeris. Cui si attenderent Calcuttani Academici, Samskreticis operibus antiquitatis, etiam remotissimae, larvam minus facile imponerent.
Pag. 398, lin. 1, 2: Post a [x] transire [x] Sat djak Teria. Douapar... quod (djak) tertium est, plures e [x] rek'heschiran. (Baad az goudzaschtan sat djak o teria dar eptedai duapar ke djak seyoum ast baasi az rek'heschiran.)
De quatuor Djak (djog, Yougams) Indorum.
In Historicis et geographicis de India Disquisitionibus (1 part. [1786], p. xviii) [x] Oupnek'hat dixi [x] kal yougam vel trium aliorum yougam nullibi mentionem facere. Hoc recte, de Kali yougam; de tribus prioribus, partim verum: immensus autem annorum numerus quo constant tres periodi, in Oupnek'hat, nullo loco memoratur. Per tria illa djak, trra diei djak (eodem modo scribitur), seu korban, sacrificia intellexi, quorum tertium esset Douapar, dou p'her, meridianum. Infra (N.° clxxi, p. 407), korbani [x] dou p'her (dar vakt korban dou p'her), et eo tempore [x] rek'heschiran, mokelan congressus mentio fit; de korban matutino, quod sat djak erit, p. 403; de korban [x] vespere (dar vakt korban scham), p. 408. Mirum autem, si de longissimis Indorum periodis agitur, simpliciter dici post; scilicet: post transactos, primum 1, 728, 000, tum 1, 296, 000 annos, initio 864, 000 annorum periodi, plures Indi sapientes, alium celebriorem, dubiorum de lege solvendorum causa adierint. Sat djak noctis ultimo p'her 1 [Asiat. Research. T. 5, account of the Hindustano Heerometry, by John Gilchrist, esq. p. 82.], primo mane, supposito; tretia djak diei primo p'her, tertia diei hora; douapar, sexta, meridie, dou p'her; kal djak erit hora tertia vel sexta, vespere, tertio p'her.
Si de temporum periodis in Oupnek'hat quaestio est, notae quatuor celebres apud antiquostates; auri, argenti, ceris et plumbi. Sat djak, purum, vel crita, factum perfectum (in Baldaeo, lib. cit. p. 473 Kartesingh) 2 [D. Maurice; Hist or. of Hindost. p. 359.], primorum parentum ante peccatum, auream aetatem; Trita, hominum inde ad Diluvium, argenteam; Douapar, oeream, circa famosam illam certissimis et antiquissimis monumentis confirmatam epocham 3 [Recherch. hist. orig. etc. p. XXXI.]; tandem Kaliougam, nigrum, yougam, plumbeam vel ferreamtatem, inde a diluvii temporibus, satis apte referet: quod cum successiva super terram, virtutis, sanctitatis inter homines diminutione 4 [Ibid. p. XXII.], et vaccae primo quatuor pedibus, deinde tribus, duobus, postremum uno fultae allegoria apprime convenit.
Observandum, 1.° ante Dwapar yougam Indos doctores de recta nominis Oum pronunciatione, librorum Beid lectione (p. 398, lin. 10) nihil praecepisse, saltem scripto mandasse: unde hoc relligionis debito perperam aut non rite soluto, nulla Indo merces erat expectanda. Per partes ergo et successive Indicae doctrinae capita etiam maximi momenti, tradita; nec e praxi quae in India diutius viguisse, e dogmate vel scientia quae antiqua perhibentur, ea semper et ab initio extitisse, concludendum: quod de periodis Yougam nuncupatis, quod ad longam annorum seriem quae complectuntur, merito dici potest.
2.° Cuncta Indicae relligionis agentia, Brahma ipsa, Beschn, Roudr, Haranguerhehah, Pradjapat, coeli et terrae Mokelan, praefecti, allegorico sensu sumi debere in Oupnek’hat pluries et clare declaratum est. Quare de quatuor djak, ut periodis idem sentire non liceret? In Mahabarat, 12 Porb. 2 part. fol. 615 verso; Sat djak, id est, tempus boni puri. Id. 1 Porb. fol. 55 verso; in eo animalia non occiduntur. Id. 12 Porb. 2 part. fol. 564 verso; semper sat tschak foret, si homines viam scientiae sequerentur. Id. fol. 573 verso; eo sensu, sat djak generaliter tempus est, quo homines relligionis et moralis scientia praediti, ad eam vitam et actus componunt. Tres aliae periodi, treta, douapar, kaliougam (djak), simili modo, nimirum ratione ad virtutum vel vitiorum regnum, intelligi queunt 1 [ ].
FN: Eamdem ideam praebent [x] Menou instituta, Anglico sermone a celeb. Jones reddita.
301. All the ages, inquit redactor Indus Bhrigou, called Satya, Treta, Dwapara, and Cali, depend on the conduct of the king, who is declared niturn to represent each of those ages.
302. Sleeping, he is the cali age; waking, the dwapara; exerting himself in action, the treta; living virtuously, the satya.
The laws of Menu, son of Brahma; ch. 9, in the Jones works, T. 3, p. 177.
Verum dato, non concesso, quatuor Indorum djak veras esse temporum periodos, licet fictitias, quemadmodum Scaligeri periodum Julianam, eorum elementa, confectionem inquirere, ingenio Asiaticis opinionibus et scientiis assueto baud indignum videbitur.
Super hac materia, in opere citato, sententiam meam exposui 2 [Recherch. historiq. etc. p. XIX-XXII, XXVIII, XXXI, LVII.]; eam paucis hic iterum dabo. Indos ab occidentalibus astronomicam 3 [Celebris sunt apud Indos, et nota Europaeis illustris Jessingh, Rajah [x] Ambere, sive Djennagar, exterorum, etiam Europaeorum (Delahire Tabulis) labore, adjuta, ineunte saeculo 18.° (1729), astronomica tentamina. Vide Asiatick Research. T. 5, some account of the astronomical labours of Jayasinha, Rajah of Ambhere, seu Jayanagar; by Will Hunter; p. 177-211, 181-183, 187, 188, 196, 205-209.] suae chronologiae summam, 4, 320, 000 annos, accepisse autumo; cujus radix, 24, 000 an. revolutio fixorum, per annum 360 dierum multiplicata, = 8, 640, 000 an., qui quidem, per 2 divisi, tempore quo calculum Indi adoptarunt, post nonum saeculum, seu itineris Khalifoe Motawarkel ad Damas (hegirae, 243, Christi, 858), quo tempore a primo arietis cum mundi initio progressu, astronomice 4, 320, 000 annos numerant, [x] Brahma anni, et diei, simul et maximi anni coelestis, 360 diebus, quolibet.24000 annorum constantis, medietate elapsa, dant 4, 320, 000 annos. Hac summi, in quatuor partes, juxta quatuor djak, yougams, divisa, a Kalioujam diluvii epochae circiter respondente, cui Khalifae Motawarkel itineris annum affixerant, usque ad primum yougam, sat djak, ordine retrogrado, cuilibet yougam, tempus postremi kalioujam, scilicet, 432, 000 annos addendo, totum 4, 320, 000 annos astronomi et chronologi Indi, Arabum et Persarum haeredes, composuerunt. Hujusmodi progressionis explicatio et probatio in libro laudato videri possunt.
Quid quid sit, nono saeculo, quo Albumasar scribebat, quatuor praedictas periodos, nundum Indos effinxisse, e silentio celebris illius astronomi, qui temporis spatium a mundi initio ad diluvium, juxta Indos, tradit, ut anno 1786 1 [Lib. cit. p. XX.] dicebam, recte concludi potest.
Angli, rerum summa, a 40 annis, in India potiti, et locorum, ubi simul excoluntur cum praetiosi regionis fructus tum Brahmanum scientiae, domini, nihil planum, nihil quod menti paululum difficili arrideat, hac de [x] suppeditant.
In Bagwatgeeta (p. 143), [x] djog generaliter mentio fit, nulla autem annorum quibus constant.
"They who are acquainted with day and night, inquit Krischna, know that the day of Brahma is of a thousand revolutions of the yoogs, and that his night extendeth for one thousand more."
Locum explicans Charl. Wilkins 1 [Bagvatgeeta, lect. VIII, p. 75 (tr. fr. p. 85).],
"A thousand revolutions of the yoogs, inquit, is equal to 4, 320, 000 years. An ingenious mathematician, who is now in India (verisimiliter M. Davis), supposes that these yoogs are nothing more than astronomical periods formed from the coincidence of certain cycles, of which those of the precision of the equinoxes, and the moon, are two. The word yoog, which signifies a juncture or joining, gives good ground for such hypothesis."
Nulla quatuor djog explicatio in [x] Code of Gentoo law praefatione, ubi (p. xxxvi, xxxvii) Nath. Brass. Halhed, annos cujusque yoog suo modo refert, librorum in prima et secunda periodo compositorum mentionem facit; incerta (p. xxxix, xl), dubia se conciliare, difficilia, ardua, nihil autem quod in Indorum chronologiam lucem spargat, offerendo, arbitratur. 2 [Ibid, p. 143, 143 (tr. fr. p. 158, 159).]
"Though we may come, inquit eruditus at juvenis viator (deinceps ad fanatismum versus. Prophet. de Brothers [tr. Fr. 1796, p. 184]; p. xxxvi), to the perusal of their (Indorum et Sinarum) records, armed with every argument, and fortified even to prejudice against the admission of their pretension (an antiquity infinitely more remote than is authorised by the belief of the rest of mankind), at the same time, placing the utmost implicit reliance upon the Mosaic chronology, as generally received; yet their plausible accounts of those remote ages, and their undeviating confidence in their own assertions, never can fell to make some impression upon us, in proportion as we gain a clearer insight to them."
Re attentius considerata, auctor sententiam mutavit; quod ejus nomine expresse declarat Th. Maurice, his verbis 1 [History of Hindostan etc. T. I, ch. 2, p. 89.]:
"it is by his immediat request that I announce to the public his altered sentiments on this point."
Laudandum profecto, et rarissimum in philosophico saeculo, scriptoris novarum opinionum turbine abrepti, et, postquam ad saniorem mentem rediit, errorem publice confitentis, exemplum.
Loquarne de William Robertson Historical disquisition concerning ancient India (1791)? Varias quatuor djog supputandi rationes affert doctor Anglus; at qua diligentia?
"The duration, inquit, of the collee yogue he (Abr. Roger) does not specifie... Bernier, concerning the period of the collee yogue, like-wise (as Roger) is silent 2 [An historical disquisition concerning the knowledge which the ancient had of India, with an appendix containing observations on the civil policy, etc. the laws and judicial proceedings, the arts, the sciences and religious institutions of Indians, by William Robertson, D. D. F. R. S. Ed. Princip. of the university, and historiographer to his Majesty for Scotland (1791). Append. not. X, p. 361.]."
Abraham Roger nullam omnino [x] kal djogue mentionem facit: et haec sunt Gallici viatoris verba:
"3 [Voyag. T. 2, p. 160.] Le quatrieme, qui s’appelle kale djogue, est de je ne sais combien de lecques (cent ans); les trois premiers, ajoutent-ils, et beaucoup du 4.e, sont ecoules."
Similiter, de Colonel Dow 4 [2.e edit (1770), T. 1, p. 2.]
"according to which the suttee yogue is a period of fourteen millions of years; the tirtah yogue, one million eighty thousand; the dwapaar yogue, seventy two thousand, and the collee yogue thirty six thousand years. Histor. of Hindost. vol. 1, p. 2."
Haec habet Colonel Dow, libr. citato:
"The Indians divide the age of the world into four grand periods, each of which consists of an incredible number of years. The last of these, called the Cal periode, comprehends thirty thousand years; near five thousand of which have already elapsed. The Brahmines relate many fictions concerning the former three; but their authentic accounts extent no further than the commencement of the Cal period."
Utrum D. Robertson epitome e prima viatoris Angli editione desumpta sit, baud scio.
In ms. meo [x] Tarikh Fereschtah ab Alex. Dow Anglic^e editi, haec leguntur (fol. 5 recto): Moddat sat djog hafdeh lak o hist hazar sal motaaref ast.... tretia djog douazdeh lak o navad o schasch hazar sal motaaref ast.... douapar djog.... hascht lak o schast o tschahar hazar sal motadavel ast... kal djog tschahar lak o si o dou hazar sal motaaref ast.
In alio ejusdem historiae exemplari ms. (fol. 6 recto), quod ad me misit amicus meus eruditissimus et veritatis amantissimus Indiae historiographus, D. Ormes (terrenasne an coelestes auras spirat?), eadem praecise: verum hascht, octo post bist (28) in sat djog addito; quod rectius.
Ista supputatio ea est, quam in Recherches historiques etc. (p. XXI) obtuli, quaeque generaliter in Academiae Calcuttanoe commentariis reperitur 1 [Asiatick Research. T. 2. Sir Will. Jones; On the chronology of the Hindus, p. 112, 115. — Ibid. Davis; of the astronomic. computat. by the Hindus, p. 231, 232, — T. 5, Bentley; Remarks on the principal eras and dates of the ancient Indus, p. 316, 317.]; nec eam propri a Bernieri calculo differre lector criticus fatebitur:
"Sa duree (du monde), disent-ils, referente celeb. viatore (lib. cit. p. 160), est de quatre dgugue: un dgugue est un certain nombre determine d’annees, comme nous dirions un siecle, avec cette difference qu'un siecle n'est compose que de cent ans, et que leur dgugue est compose de cent lecques, c’est-a-dire, de cent fois cent mille ans. Il ne me souvient pas precisement du nombre total des annees de chaque dgugue; mais je sais bien que le premier, qui s'appelle sate-dgugue, est de vingt-tinq lecques d’annees;
Memoriae lapsu (il ne me souvient pas precisement, inquit) 25 lak, 17 loco posuerit accuratus alioqui viator? vel amanuensis errore 25 irrepserit?
"que le second, qui s'appelle trita, est de plus de 12 lecques; le troissieme, qui s'appelle duaper, est de huit lecques et soixante et quatre mille annees, si j’ai bonne memoire; et qu'ainsi le 4.e, qui s'appelle kale dgugue, est de je ne sais combien de lecques. Les trois premiers, ajoutent-ils, et beaucoup du 4.e, sont ecoules, de sorte que le monde ne durera point tant qu’il a fait, parce qu’il doit perir a la fin du quatrieme, toutes choses retournant a leurs premiers principes. Je les fis chiffrer et rechiffrer, pour avoir au vrai l'age du monde, mais comme je vis que cela les embarrassoit trop, et qu’ils ne convenoient pas tous precisement du nombre des lecques,
Libros legere debebat eruditus philosophus, et non simpliciter quaestionibus Indos Pandet, quorum memoria in hac materia minus tenax esse potuit, consulere:
"je me contenterai de vous dire qu’ils le font (le monde) etragement vieux."
Eumdem annorum numerum praebet Gallica P. Beschi Grammaticae Tamulicae versio (ms. meo pag. 99). Vide et Baldaeum (libr. cit. Abgotterey, p. 472), et le Gentil (Voyage, T. I, pag. 234).
Solus ergo Halhed, a generali in duabus oris et Bengala, toto Indoustano, accepta quatuor djog supputandi ratione (qua authoritate?) differre, quatuor Indorum djog, 7, 600, 000 annos comprehendere, id est, fere duplo magis quam fert opinio communis, asserendo 1 [A code of the Gentoo laws, pref. p. XXXVI, XXXVII.], invenitur.
Proinde minus recte concludit D. Robertson [p. 362):
"From this discrepancy not only of the total number, but of many of the other articles in the different accounts, it is manifest that our information concerning Indian chronology is hitherto as incertain as the whole system of it is wild and fabulous. To me it appears highly probable, that, when we understand more thoroughly the principles upon which the fictitious aeras or yogues of the Hindoos have been formed, we may be more able to reconcile their chronology to the true mode of computing time, founded on the authority of the old testament; and may likewise find reason to conclude, that the account given by their astronomers of the situation of the heavenly bodies in the beginning of the collee yogue, is not established by actual observation, but the result of the retrospective calculation."
Hoc indicabam in 1786, libro jam citato 2 [Recherches historiq. etc, p. XXI.]. Vera Indorum chronologia e familiarum serie et regnorum numero, non ex aeris ab eorum scriptoribus recentioribus venditatis, et quae forsitan duodecimum aut undecimum aerae Christianae saeculum non praecedunt, est sumenda.
Si D. Robertson (cum ipsea, p. 364, P. Tieffenthaler citet a D. Bernoulli editum, T. I, p. 316, 347) epistolam T. 2 1 part, initio insertam attente legere dignatus esset, quatuor djog clavim, originem, efformationem, progressionis modum ex Arabibus et Persis in Indiam asportatam, facile invenisset; si tamen inde of the retrospective calculation ideam (p. 362) non hausit, aut saltem ex sequenti D. le Gentil textu, cujus nullam facit mentionem.
"Le maitre que j’avois, inquit viator academico-astronomus 1 [Voyag. T. 1, p. 336 (1779).], me les (les quatre ages) rappelant souvent, en faveur du systeme des Indiens sur leur antiquite, je me rappelai de mon cote, que, dans les calculs que j'avois faits sous ses yeux, il m’avoit fait supposer un mouvement dans les etoiles de 54" par an. Je soupconnai des-lors que tous ces ages pouvoient bien etre certain nombre des revolutions de l'equinoxe. Je ne fus pas long-temps a m’en assurer. Je trouvai donc devant mon maitre, que les quatre ages de la duree du monde, dont les Indiens se vantent avec tant d’emphase, ne sont que des periodes astronomiques, qu’on peut faire remonter a l’infini: car, sitot que les Brahmes supposent la precession des equinoxes de 54" par an, la revolution du ciel entier sera de 24000 ans: or les ages rapportes ci-dessus sont tous divisibles par 24, 000; d'ou il suit que ce sont autant de periodes du mouvement des etoiles en longitude."
En inventionis initium. Coeli, fixarum revolutio, 24, 000 annis, per 360 dies, seu annum solarem multiplicata, magnum mundi revolutionis annum, 8, 000, 000 annorum; cujus media pars in quatuor periodos divisa, ultima, successim, retro ascendendo, aliarum radice: haec omnia ab Occidente, haud remota epocha, accepta, et dogmati mythologico, [x] Brahma annorum, vitae, accommodata; talis est, ut jam dixi, quatuor magnorum Indiae cyclorum origo.
Hac de materia D. Maurice librum (History of Hindostan, T. 1; 1795) legere supervacaneum: eruditum opus, pio animo, tuendae Mosaicae supputationis causa, compositum; in quo plura Indicae mythologiae capita, acri, solerti ingenio, verbi gratia [x] Vischnou incarnationes, [x] Chrisna actiones explicantur; verum, ubi, nimis probando, de primi hominis lapsu, diversae solis et lunae sobolis ad Patriarcharum seriem ratione, dictarum Vischnou incarnationum tempore, etc. morosus et criticus lector auctorem religiosum nihil probare deprehendet. Eodem saepe numero redeunt, quibus nihil novi prae se fert, ejus super quatuor djog cogitationes; ita ut potius conceptuum et authoritatum, inprimis Anglicanarum, non semper satis libratarum, collectio, quam optato ordine digesta docti Maurice compositio, magni tamen facienda, dicenda sit.
1.° Libr. cit. p. 88: quatuor aetates Indicas, juxta D. Jones (Asiatic. Research), 4, 320, 000 annos complectentes, praebet doctus Anglus, immensam istam temporum seriem, ut apud Chaldaeos et AEgyptios e superstitione et astronomia ortam asserens (ibid. p. 91-96-101); verum nihil omnino de periodorum istarum occasione, elementis.
2.° "When we bring, inquit (libr. cit. p. 371, 372, 373-378), the Jugs to the test of reason and the standard of historical verity, and when we compare them with the received traditions of other nations, concerning the early history of the human species, in the mind that daily attends to all the parallel circumstances of the case, there can arise little doubt, but that by the Satya age, or age of perfection, the Brahmens obscurily allude to the state of perfection and happiness enjoyed by man in paradise. It is impossible to explain what the Indian writers assert concerning the universal parity of manners, and the luxurious and unbounded plenty prevailing in that primitive aera, without this supposition ... According to the Brahmens, during the Satya, or golden age, the supreme Weschnou himself descended at four different periods: during the second, treta, or silver age, the deity descended three times; in the duapar, or copper age, the brazen age of the Greeks, only twice; and in the present cali, or earthen age, of 432, 000 years duration, the iron age of the Greeks, earth is only to be honoured once with his presence, when all the impious are to be extirpated."
Haec omnia sapienter post Calcuttanos Academicos dicta. In eorum scriptis editis et edendis super hac materia magnam lucem hausuros se confidunt eruditi scriptores 1 [Robertson, libro cit. p. 360.]. Ad ipsum ergo fontem ascendamus. Bengalicas et Baharicas regiones, tot naturae donis ornatas, ditatas, novum in terra pro homine paradisum, invisere semper mihi gratum et amoenum. Climatis, inter 22 et 26.° lat. septent. soli feracis, moderatae coeli temperiei, terrae et fluminum omnis generis productionum, Gangis, ipsius faecundantis cursus, interni et externi commercii, indigenarum mitis et hospitalis indolis, solertis ingenii, memor, Gallos ex opimis istis provinciis quasi extorres videns, ingemisco, novum Du Pleix illos ed rursus ducturum, et potenti ac firmo brachio stabiliturum, in animo quandoque versare amans. Nunc ad societatem Calcuttanam.
Princeps in acie Sir Will. Jones, at revera inermis, quamvis, pro more, Samskreticorum auctorum agmine stipatus. Primo auctor eruditus quatuor Indicarum aetatum seu 12000 annorum divinorum, scilicet unius Deorum oetatis, quae quidem centies repetita, unum [x] Brahma diem efficit, et eodem modo unam noctem, deinde [x] manvantara, e 12, 000 divinis annis per 71 multiplicatis, constantium; et, cum alternatis mundorum creationibus et destructionibus, in immensum renovatorum, mentionem facit. Postea,
"Such is, inquit 1 [Asiat. Research. T. 2, on the Chronol. the Hindus, p. 113-116.], the arrangement of infinite time, which the Hindus believe to have been revealed from heaven, and which they generally understand in a litteral sense: it seems to have intrinsic marks of being purely astronomical. But I will not appropriate the observations of others, nor anticipate those particularly which have been made by two or three of our members, and which they will, I hope, communicate to the society."
Stans proposito, D. Jones aliorum tantum opiniones et explicationes, inprimis D. Paterson, paucis tradit; nihil, praeter D. le Gentil de 24, 000 annis cogitationem (p. 115), quod divinae Indorum setatis elementa indicet, suppeditat, et ad antiquam eorum historicam chronologiam, diversarum solis et lunae famliarum expositionem totum se confert. Hujus chronologiae, quatuor djogs (aetates), ad tempora ante-diluviana et post-diluviana, epitomem, seu specimen comparativum praebet auctor sagax et eruditus (p. 147), in tabula sequenti, a Menu 1.° (aetate prima), quem quidem [x] Adam respondere supponit, ad usque Nadirschah, magnum Indiae invasorem.
A CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE
According to one of the Hypotheses intimated in the precedent tract
Christians and Muselmanns. / Hindu. / Years from 1788 of our aera.
Adam, / Menu I, age I, 5794
Noah, / Menu II, / 4737
Deluge, / -- / 4138
Nimrod, / Hiranyacasipa, age II, / 4006
Bel, / Bali, / 3892
Rama, / Rama, age III, / 3817
Noah’s death, / -- / 3787
-- / Pradyota, / 2817
-- / Buddha, age IV, / 2815
-- / Nanda, / 2487
-- / Balin, / 1937
-- / Vicramaditya, / 1844
-- / Devapala, / 1811
Christ, / -- / 1787
-- / Narayanpala, / 1721
-- / Saca, / 1709
Walid, / -- / 1080
Mahmud, / -- / 786
Chengiz (Gengiskhan), / -- / 548
Taimur, / -- / 391
Babur, / -- / 276
Nadirshah, / -- / 49
Hac de materia nihil amplius in a supplement to the Essay on Indian Chronology (p. 389 etc.). Notanda soIummodo observatio aequinoctiorum, quae circiter 1181 ante aeram Christianam facta supponitur, in antiquis Sastras servata (p. 393).
Liceat etiam cum docto Anglo dicere (p. 401):
"Whatever be the comparative antiquity of the Hindu scriptures, we may safely conclude, that the Mosaic and Indian chronologies are perfectly consistent; that Menu, son of Brahma, was the Adima, or first created mortal, and consequently our Adam; that Menu, child of the sun, was preserved with seven others in a bahitra, m or capacious ark, from an universal deluge, and must therefore be our Noah, etc."
Pretiosum hominis minime creduli testimonium.
"Attached to no systeme, inquit D. Jones, commentationis suae initio (p. 111), and as much disposed to reject the Mosaic history, if it be proved erroneous, as to believe it, if it be confirmed by sound reasoning from indubitable evidence, I propose to lay before you a concise account of Indian chronology, extracted from Sanscrit books, or collected from conversations with Pandits, and to subjoin a few remarks on their system, without attempting to decide a question, which I shall venture to start, whether it is not in fact the same with our own, but embellished and obscured by the fancy of their poets and the riddles of their astronomers."
Re penitius considerata, ad conclusionem quam supra retuli deductus est eruditus Jones, qui primo praejudicatae opinionis notam reformidans, quamdam, minus sapienter, animi audaciam (disposed to reject the Mosaic history) ostentarat.
Praesidem academiae Calcuttanoe sequatur, ejus collega, D. Davis, vir acris ingenii, astronomiae peritus, cui praecipuorum et praetiosissimorum [x] Suria siddhanta, astronomici operis, divini reputati, cujus auctor Meya, desinente satya yougam, id est, antiquissimi 1 [Asiat. Research. T. 2, p. 234, 337.], textuum versionem Anglicam (by the help of a Pandit, through the medium of the Persian or the Hindu language 2 [Id. p. 225, 227.]), et doctas, profundas in eos elucidationes debet orbis eruditus. Nunc ejus Dissertationis (Of the astronomical computations by the Hindus) ope, abstrusiora astronomiae Indicae rimari, scrutari; eclipses, aequinoctia, solstitia, planetarum revolutiones, motum solis, lunae, cum Brahmanibus, juxta veteres tabulas supputare facile poterunt rei siderealis studiosi. At quatuor Indorum periodorum causas, elementa, composituram, veluti organisationem, etiam quasi astronomicam, dare non poterat vir astronomus, qui sic loquitur (p. 229):
"The division of the maha-jug into the satya, treta, duapar, and cali age, does not appear from the surya sidhanta to answer any practical astronomical purpose, but to have been formed on ideas similar to the golden, silver, brazen, and iron ages of the Greeks. Their origine has, however, been ascribed to the precession of the equinoxes, by those who will of course refer the manvantera and calpa to the same foundation: either way the latter will be found anomalistic, as has been described, if I rightly understand the following passage of the surya siddhanta; the translation of which is, I believe, here correctly given."
Manvatera et calpa, supra memorata, sunt maximae Indorum periodi, quarum confectionem, utpote quatuor djog et manvantera continentem, ex auctore hic juvat apponere.
1 [Lib. cit. p. 231, not.] Composition of the Calpa
Years.
Caly (yougam), 432, 000 ÷ 10 = 43, 200
Dwapar, 432, 000 x 2 ÷ 10 = 864, 000
Trita, 432, 000 x 3 ÷ 10 = 1, 296, 000
Satya, 432, 000 x 4 ÷ 10 = 1, 728, 000
Aggregat of Maha yug / 4, 320, 000 x 71 = Manvantera / 306, 720, 000
With a sandhi equal to twilight (morn, and evening).
The satya yug / 1, 728, 000
/ 308, 448, 000 x 14 =
Calpa / 4, 318, 272, 000
Years.
With a sandhi equal to the Satya yug / 1, 728, 000
Whole duration of Calpa / 4, 320, 000, 000
Computation of the period elapsed of the calpa at the end of the last satya age, when the surya siddhanta is supposed to have been written.
Sandhi at the beginning of the calpa / 1, 728, 000
6 manvanteras, or 308, 448, 000 x 6 = 1, 850, 688, 000
27 maha yugs of the 7.th manvantera, or
432, 000 x 27 = 116, 640, 000
Satya age of the maha yug / 1, 728, 000
1, 970, 784, 000
Haec est ad infinitum vergens temporum juxta Indos computatio. Non minor, contrario modo, eorumdem subdivisio.
The Bhawishya purana, inquit D. Colebrooke 2 [Asiat. Research. T. 5, On Indian weights and measures, p. 107.], subdivises the Nimhesa otherwise.
1 Twinkling of the eye, while a man is easy and at rest, = 30 tatpanas, or moments.
1 Tatpana = 100 trutis.
1 Truti = 1000 sameramas.
Majus esse non potest Entis aeterni, infiniti, existentiae, ejus ideae humanae menti primitus infixae, et istius mentis spiritualis naturae, argumentum, quam immensa illa et pene incredibilis temporis protractio, divisio. Materiae pars, materiei parti addita, nihil ultra primum aggregatum; eadem pars in particulas divisa, nihil infra primam divisionem, per se indicat, indicare potest. Solidae partes sunt suo modo finitae, juxta positae, vel a se invicem separatae, eodem in statu, scilicet inertioe, manentes. Cogitatio, quae inde infinite magnum aut infinite parvum eliciat, ad ens diversae prorsus naturae, quod e terminatis haud terminatum non concludat, cum [x] quaelibet se majus per se producere nequeat, et proinde a supremo, infinito Agente plus (addendum), minus (detrahendum) accipiat, pertineat necessum est. Haec per transennam, sed non absona, cum de Indorum philosophia, ad primum Ens per diverticula ut et directe ducente, semper agatur.
Eadem [x] manvantera et calpa, apud D. Bentley 1 [Asiat. Research. T. 5, Remarks on the principal aeras and dates of the ancient Indus, p. 316, 317-320.] ac in D. Davis Dissertatione, compositio. Ahum vero de modo quo quatuor Indorum djogs formata sunt, silentium; nisi quod poetica seu fictitia, et astronomica seu realia djogs supponit; id est, proprie nodum secat, non solvit. Ingeniosum sane tentamen ulteriore disquisitione, praesertim librorum Samskreticorum lectione innixa, dignum; licet, primo aspectu, simpliciter et constanter e quatuor djog annorum summa, tres ultimas notas (zero) abscindere, et reliquum reales annos nominare, arbitrarium quid prae se ferat. Ipsum auctorem systema suum exponentem audiamus.
"At this day, inquit (lib. cit. p. 315), it is not easy to discover the meaning of all the different modes of dating formerly in use. It appears, however, from historical facts, that they were mostly, if not all, nominally, the same; but essencially different in other respects: they all went under the appellation of yugs, divine age, manvantaras etc. But the yugs, divine ages, manvantaras etc. of the astronomers, were different in point of duration, from those of the Brahmens and poets, and those of the Brahmens and poets were, in like manner, different from those of others: here it becomes absolutely necessary that we know the difference between each, that is, the astronomic, the poetic etc. etc. from each other, before we can attempt to analyse the Hindu chronology on true principles. It is from this mode alone that we can discerne truth, though disguised by fiction; and until the gordian knot made fast by the hand of modern times, be untied, much will remain in obscurity. The astronomic yugs, divine ages etc. etc. are the only periods in which the real number of years meant are not concealed: it may not therefore be improper, before I proceed further, to state what these periods are, and their duration.
"The calpa is the greatest of all the astronomical periods, and the duration of it is 4, 320, 000, 000 years. This periode is composed, or made up, of the lesser yugs etc. in the following manner: 4 yugs, viz, satya etc...................
"... The calpa is an anomalistic period, at the end of which the Indu astronomers say, that the places of the planets nodes and apsides will be precisely the same as at beginning of it; and the commencement of it was when the sun, moon, and all the planets, nodes and apsides, were in a line of conjunction, in the beginning of aries, or 1, 955, 884, 897 years ago . . . .
"The ancient astronomers, most probably for the sake of convenance, made the present cali yug of the Indus, of which there are now (1796) 4897 years expired, to commence when just the first half, or 216000 years were elapsed of the mentioned cali yug, of the twenty fourth maha yug. And we are now only in the 4898.th year of the second half of that period. I shall therefore, by way of distinction, call the present cali yug, the "astronomical aera."
"The Brahmens and poets, in imitation of the astronomic periods above given, invented others for their history and poetry. This I shall distinguish by the name of "Poetic ages" or aeras, because they are embellished by fiction, and covered over with a mysterious veil: nominally they appear the same as the astronomic periods; but historical facts prove them to be essentially different in point of duration, an astronomic year being equal to 1000 poetic ones. Hence
Years. / Real years.
"a poetic satya yug of 1728000, is only / 1728.
"Trita yug of 1296000 / 1296.
"Dwapar yug of 864000 / 864.
"Cali yug of 432000 / 432.
Huc usque merae suppositiones; aptae quidem ad conciliandas cum S. Scripturae chronologia Indorum supputationes, sed quae, quibusdam epochis exceptis, in cursu disceptationis, nec Samskreticorum librorum auctoritate, nec mythologico calculo, ubi Entis superioris dies anno inferioris respondet, nec doctorum Brahmen, Pandet, testimonio probantur.
"The first of this poetic ages, or satya yug, commenced at the creation, and the rest in succession, agreable to the following short chronological table, continued down to the present time."
[x]
CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF ANCIENT AERAS etc.
POETICAL AERA. / YEARS OF THE WORLD. / ASTRONOMIC AERA.
Notandum in poetica auctoris aera quatuor djog revolutione absoluta, novum, scilicet secundum satya djog, ab anno mundi 4321 incoeptum esse.
"In the preceding table I have placed, inquit auctor, the beginning of astronomic aera of cali yug, of which 4897 years were expired in april last, in the 906 year of the World, at which time 905 years were elapsed of the satya yug of the poets, reckoning from its commencement, at the creation; hence it is self-evident that the notions of the modern Hindus, who have confounded the fabulous or fictitious ages of their poets with the astronomic periods merely from a similarity of names, are not only erroneous, but even quite opposite to the true intent and meaning of the ancient Hindu writers themselves, who, it may be proved, have sometimes adopted the astronomic aera of the cali yug during the treta and dwapar yugs of the poets; and made use of either aera (astronomic or poetic, and sometimes both), according as it suited their fancy, for recording not only past events in general, but even one and the same event."
In dissertatione legenda sunt, quibus auctor systema suum tuetur, argumenta, sicut et quae dicuntur de patriarchis seu Munoos et aliis, quatuordecim puranic mamwanteras durante periodo (p. 330, 332); et de duabus solari et lunari Iineis (p. 334-341): convenientia, imaginatio, nominum similitudo, astronomicarum et poeticarum periodorum confusioni in scriptoribus Indis recentioribus et antiquis, ortum dederunt. An solers Anglus filum, cujus ope e labyrintho chronologico-historico exire queant, revera praebuerit, videat lector criticus et eruditus. Audeam dicere: adhuc sub judice lis est; quamvis, libenter fateor, in variis tentamentis acre et profundum ingenium ostenderint Calcuttani Academici, minus tamen, quod dolendum, Indicorum monumentorum, inprimis veterum linguarum cognitione, ut par est, instructi. Verum sat (non sat, problemate haud soluto, inquiet forte lector morosus) de chronologia Indica. Nunc ad Oupnek'hat.
Pag. 399, lin, 3, ajet; lege: aiet, — Not. 1, lin, 1, namizchavad; lege: namischavad.
Pag 400, lin. 18, 19, 22: haec aqua est, quod, omne quiescens et motum ex ea cum existentia ... venit ... aqua et Pranou, unum est.
Aqua, elementum, entium materialium, anima praeditorum, cum vel absque motu, principium; una cum Pranou, scilicet, Oum, proinde cum primo Ente, nominis prima syllaba, radice, ut et universali rerum productione: substantia cum agente, quod vitam, motum dat, una.
Lin. ultima: rak’hi, quod dies postremus mensis savan (Augusti) est.
Samskretice, rakhai, munificus, benignus. Supra (T. I, Annotation. p. 612), Augustus et September, menses pluviae, qua fecundatur terra aestu solis arida: aquae et pranou, quae unum sunt, causa, die rak'hi, scilicet munifico, Athrban Beid accurata, docta, lectio, priusquam ullum opus aggrediantur, perficiant, praescribitur.
Pag. 401, lin. 12, 13: Athrban Beid, sine [x] selouk ..... vestigium largitur.
In omnibus relligionibus (ea est in homine novitatis amor) ultimae praxes, ordinationes, prioribus excellentiores perhibentur: quo abusu, prima institutionum origine obliti, procul semota, cum eodem nomine nova quasi struitur, conditur relligio, mollior semper, humanis affectibus magis indulgens.
Revera librorum Beid accurata lectio, poenitentia, mortificatio fructum producit: at, his omnibus omissis, quartus liber Beid, Athrban, solus, vestigium, emolumentum largitur: sic, alibi, Auxiliatorum (Secouristes), Cordicolarum, [x] Quakers etc. devotio. Tum vero, quisquis ad veterem doctrinam, disciplinam revocat, motuum artifex, etiam novator, verbo rei contrario, nuncupatur. Servata semper cujusdam severitatis specie, recentem praedicationem adjuvant populi ignorantia et libidinum stimulus: eo modo, temporum malignitate, hominum incuria, doli machinatorum astutia, audacia funditus evertuntur vetustissima relligiosae moralis aedificia, monumenta.
Pag. 402, lin. 1, 2, 3; dualitas... narbaklap samadeh, quod demersio magna est, id est, sine ego et id, atmai purus factus (homo) manet. (Esteghrak bezorg ast iaani bi man ve ou atma khaless schodeh bemanad.)
Supra, T. I, N.° II, p. 11: narbaklap samadeh surgere (evanescere) memoriam, memoratorem, et memoratum.
Samskretice, nar, aqua. Samadanam, aequalitas, comparatio.
Si nulla [x] ego et tu, unius, alterius entis mentio, omne ergo evanidum, universitas quae indicari, memorari nequit, nihilum verum ens, mare immensum sine rivo, partibus, hoc est, si concipi potest, atma purus, talis ab initio et semper existens, qua ratione hic mundi existit, non existens. Unde, quidquid sensibus contrarium appareat, perfecta, in rerum natura, agentis, subjecti et objecti aequalitas, identitas.
***
OUPNEK’HAT 49.um, SCHAVANK.
N.° CLXXI.Pag. 403, lin. 2: SCHAVANK.
1.° [x] Oupnek’hat titulus, a nomine [x] Schavank rek’heschir, viri summi, qui (infra, p. 411) pronunciasse dicitur. In Mahabar. (12 Porb. 2 part, p. 563 r. 570 r.) Savang, vir summus, tempore [x] Rajah Djammedjeh abnepotis [x] Ardjen, [x] Djedaschter fratris. Sic ad tempora hujus Radjah, 17-19 ante Chr. saeculo, semper referuntur viri, patriarchae de quibus in Oupnek’hat mentio: quod operis antiquitatem adstruit.
2.° De bello, strage, hic agitur: et Samskretice, savanam trajicere, perforare, transfigere; schavam, cadaver.
Supra, N.° clxx, p. 398: Rek’heschiran [x] Athrbad initio [x] Douapar djak (Korban) adeunt: in hoc Oupnek’hat, matutini, meridiani, vespertini djak tempore ad rek'heschiran et mokelan vas veniunt. Ex istis djak (ut jam observavi) forsitan quatuor djak (djog), seu Indorum periodorum, origo.
Pag. 403, lin. 17, 18, 20: tantumdem guttae . . . . . super ignem .... simul via .... vobis ipsis feratis.
Talismani sacri, a rebus in sacrificio oblatis, sumpti, prodigium operanyis, vetus exemplum.
Pag. 404 lin. 13, futurus; lege: futurum.
Ibid. lin. 16, 17; pag. 405-411, lin. 12, 13: Pranou.... magnitudo ejus ab omni major est .... oportet fecit (facere).
Novum et magnificum nominis Oum, a quo omne incipit, quod omnia continet, ipsa est natura universa, occasione belli [x] Fereschtehha cum Djenian, de quo pluries actum, encomium.
Pag. 405, not. 1, lin. 1: [x] Ghanim.
In India, oi Marhatoe, communi vocabulo Ghanim, latrones, ideo vocantur, quod regiones minus ad eas occupandas, quam spoliandas (ut primi Graeci, [x]), equestres eorum turmae pervadant. Quotannis, praeda facta, tributo recepto ad propria redeunt. Mauri, seu Mohammedani principes, duces, quemadmodum Romani et Europoei, praeda simul et regione potiti, vi rapta non deserunt. Sic conflatum Mogoli vastum imperium: sic Britannico- Indicum, non diu tamen, si minantibus signis, ex quo in Peninsula Indica tam amplas possessiones Angli adepti sunt, a Ponto Adami [x] Ceylan contiguo, ad Madras usque, in Carnate toto 1 [Moniteur, 15 niv. an 10, Londr. 29 decemb. 1801, e Morning chronicle, p. 419; Litter. e Bombaye, 27 mai, 23 august. — Monit. 16 niv. an 10; Londr. 29 decemb. 1801, p. 423.], Caliagary et aliis Indicis ducibus, ad oram Malabaricam, potentioribus etiam Mohammedanis ad septentrionem (Laknau) motus solummodo pressos excitantibus, renovantibus, credere fas est, duraturum. Anglorum militum inopia Angli laborant. 200,300 Helvetios, Cattos, Westphalos, scilicet exteros, mercenarios, argento conductos, 15000, 20000, indigenis, strenue, pro solo patrio dimicantibus, opponunt. Vincuntur, vincunt, magno periculo, labore, damno; unius hominis jactura, subsidio non nisi e longe petito, Indorum viginti major. Ignis serpit. Incendium magnum paratur: et administratio Britannica, proesenti emolumento obcaecata, confidenter super cineres male sopitos graditur, pristinarum, recentium terra marique revolutionum, immemor.
Minus commode, apud Europaeos audiunt Marhatoe, Arabes Sunitoe, quasi, qui furto in terra furto rapta vivit, quam qui, ea direpta, proprium solum repetit, aut qui a viatore armatus vectigal exigit, minor latro.
Octo Vas (Supra, p. 2), seu Beschn, sunt beneficentiae, [x] bene esse praefecti.
Pag. 406, lin. 28, penultima, ultima; pag. 407, lin. 1: omnes figuras suas attraxit, in [x] nim matrai... sine cornu (matra)....
Oum, quod in nim matrai, Ens universale et absolutum, sine partibus, quasi refugit, Verbum est actionem suam in Patre supremo et universali constanter abscondens, ex eo habens, in eo agens; scilicet, Verbum, sine termino, tectum, invisible, cujus operationes, existentiam scrutari vetitum.
Pag. 406, not. 1, harf'o; lege: harf ou.
Pag. 407, lin. 12, 13: opus [x] korban [x] mane omne Pranou est.
Inde sat djak, purum, rectum djak, korban primum, nempe matutinum vocatum fuerit. (Supra, N.° clxx, p. 398.)
Lin. 16, 19; in tempore [x] korban [x] dou p’her.... cum harmonia pronunciare, ut venerunt, praesentes fiunt (fuerunt). (Dar vakt korban dou p’her ba ahang khandan amadeh hazer schodand.)
Hoc erit douapar djak (djog), supra memoratum, p. 398.
Simili ratione, talisman ex aqua in sacrificio fusa.
Pag. 408, lin. 20: oi Roudr.
Quemadmodum oi Vos propter benignitatem in Fereschtah, sic oi Roudr, ob stragem [x] Djenian illatam, hic adducuntur; quique propriis et contrariis operationibus divisi, et nihilominus, in systemate Indico, ubi omne et nihil unum et idem, communi et vero attributo simul conjuncti tempore.
Lin. 23; [x] korban [x] vespere (dar vakt korban scham).
Istud erit kal djak, de quo supra, N.° clxx, p. 398, nulla mentio.
Ibid. lin. 27, pag. 409, lin. 1, 6: capita cornuum palearum [x] korban ut avulserunt (sarhai schak guiai korbanra kandeh)... djakti ..... Pranou.
Agitur de capite spicae, cujus granum in korbano offerebatur, vel herbarum ad sacrificium adhibitarum.
Non additur, ut primo et secundo korban, [x] Djenian, tertii hujus Talismanis ope, e Fereschtah victores evasisse; quippe his mensura djakti, cujus Pranou, seu Oum initium, in auxilium venit, et summe potenti huic nomini nihil in natura resistit.
Pag. 409, lin. 1; mensura djakti.
Observandum mensuras seu formulas unificationis, eodem ordine semper memorari (vide supra, N.° clxx, p. 399, 400, T. I, N.° lxxvi, p. 361), etiam eodem comitatu.
Lin. 20, 21: cum figura tota (integra) sua, quod (quam) in nim matrai, duobus vice praecedente (vicibus proecedentibus) absconditam....
Duabus primis vicibus, quasi venerabundum pudore seu zelotypia affectum, Pranou, Beschn et Roudr praesentibus, in nim matrai sese abscondiderat. Hic coram sole luminis, caloris, vitae naturae fonte, temporis mensura, cum quo harmonia convenit, ipse Brahm est, tertio korban oblato totum se prodit, et djenian ad integram perniciem caeduntur. Quo significatur, creatione, conservaione, destructione, partim tantum operari, et quasi absconditum, tectum, verbum Dei manere; integrum autem universali rerum harmonia quale est aperte se ostendere, explicare, expandere.
Pag. 410, lin. 12, 16: Quatuor cornua ejus.... pronunciant.
Vide supra, N.° clxx, p. 392, 402, partium [x] Pranou, vel Oum, et eorum quae ad illud pertinent, expositionem.
Lin. 18; septem sor (capite [sar], quolibet e septem capitibus).
Rectius, sor, sono (sonis), cum duo capita [x] Pranou antea nominata fuerint, et hic de septem modis musicis, modulationibus, schabd, Oupnek'hat speciatim loquatur. Inde autem liquet perantiquam, apud Indos, septem tonorum in musica esse distributionem.
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