The Pentagonists: An Insider's View of Waste, Mismanagement

"Science," the Greek word for knowledge, when appended to the word "political," creates what seems like an oxymoron. For who could claim to know politics? More complicated than any game, most people who play it become addicts and die without understanding what they were addicted to. The rest of us suffer under their malpractice as our "leaders." A truer case of the blind leading the blind could not be found. Plumb the depths of confusion here.

Re: The Pentagonists: An Insider's View of Waste, Mismanagem

Postby admin » Sat Nov 02, 2013 3:00 am

APPENDIX A

White House Memorandum, January 20, 1970

MEMORANDUM

THE WHITE HOUSE

WASHINGTON

January 20, 1970

ADMINISTRATIVELY CONFIDENTIAL

MEMORANDUM FOR: MR. HALDEMAN

FROM: ALEXANDER P. BUTTERFIELD

RE: A. Ernest Fitzgerald

I may be "beating a dead horse" at this late date ... but it was only a few days ago that Alan Woods called to ask if we had arrived at any particular Administration line regarding Mr. A. E. Fitzgerald. And someone else (I can't remember who) asked the same question at about the same time.

You'll recall that I relayed to you my personal comments while you were at San Clemente, but let me cite them once again -- partly for the record -- and partly because some of you with more political horse sense than I will probably want to review the matter prior to next Monday's press conference.

• Fitzgerald is no doubt a top-notch cost expert, but he must be given very low marks in loyalty; and after all, loyalty is the name of the game.
• Last May he slipped off alone to a meeting of the National Democratic Coalition and while there revealed to a senior AFL-CIO official (who happened to be unsympathetic) that he planned to "blow the whistle on the Air Force" by exposing to full public view that Service's "shoddy purchasing practices". Only a basic no-goodnik would take his official business grievances so far from normal channels. As imperfect as the Air Force and other military Services are, they very definitely do not go out of their way to waste government funds; in fact, quite to the contrary, they strive continuously (at least in spirit) to find new ways to economize. If McNamara did nothing else he made the Services more cost-conscious and introspective -- so I think it is safe to say that none of their bungling is malicious ... or even preconceived.
• Upon leaving the Pentagon -- on his last official day -- he announced to the press that "contrary to recent newspaper reports" he was not going to work for the Federal Government, but instead, was going to "work on the outside" as a private consultant.
• We should let him bleed, for a while at least. Any rush to pick him up and put him back on the Federal payroll would be tantamount to an admission of earlier wrong-doing on our part.
• We owe "first choice on Fitzgerald" to Proxmire and others who tried so hard to make him a hero.

cc: Mr. Ehrlichman
Dr. Kissinger
Mr. Klein
Mr. Colson
Mr. Nofziger
Mr. Magruder
Mr. Ziegler
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Re: The Pentagonists: An Insider's View of Waste, Mismanagem

Postby admin » Sat Nov 02, 2013 3:02 am

APPENDIX B

FBI Memorandum, Two Versions, May 23, 1978

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT

memorandum

DATE: 5/23/78

REPLY TO ATTN OF: SAC, WFO (74-303)

FROM: HANS H. DRIESSNACK, Major General,
United States Air Force
[Illegible]

TO: (00:WFO)

TO: DIRECTOR, FBI

This case was predicated upon a complaint received by SA [delete] of this office in late March of 1978 by A. ERNEST FITZGERALD (Protect).

For the information of the Bureau, Mr. FITZGERALD, since October, 1968, has been known as a "whistle-blower" while employed at the Department of the Air Force, which began in 1965. In 1968, FITZGERALD's biggest complaint had to do with the building of the Air Force C-5A cargo plane by Lockheed. In this Pentagon weapons contract involving Lockheed Corporation, the C-5A had developed huge cost overruns in the amount of 3.4 billion dollars. According to the contract between the Pentagon and Lockheed, if overruns did occur, it would be paid for by the company not the taxpayer. However, FITZGERALD found that the overruns were, in fact, paid by the taxpayers, and brought this to the attention of Senator WILLIAM PROXMIRE. PROXMIRE asked FITZGERALD to testify before his subcommittee to bring this information to the attention of this Congressional hearing, in 1968.

As a result of FITZGERALD's testimony in late 1969 and after his name was out of the headlines, the Air Force fired him. Plus, FITZGERALD found out that he was also black listed by the Air Force and was unable to get a job in his old calling. In 1973, after a series of administrative appeals and law suits, the Civil Service Commission (CSC) ordered the Air Force to reinstate FITZGERALD, but according to FITZGERALD his career today is at a dead end. FITZGERALD is currently suing to collect damages from the individuals who prevented his reinstatement to the Air Force in good standing and also for restoration to his old job or its equivalent. Civil Action Number 74-178, A. ERNEST FITZGERALD, Plaintiff, versus ROBERT C. SEAMANS, JR., Et Al; Defendants, is a current civil action that FITZGERALD has against those currently and formerly in the Air Force. FITZGERALD is suing these individuals, in their capacity as Government employees for the Air Force.

Version 1 of page 2

In April 1974, then Lieutenant-Colonel HANS H. DRIESSNACK, named also as a defendant in this civil action by FITZGERALD, produced a sworn affidavit dated and signed 4/18/74. Through discovery in this civil action, FITZGERALD's attorneys were able to produce an unsigned affidavit by DRIESSNACK with numerous corrections that eventually became his sworn affidavit of 4/18/74.

After reviewing FITZGERALD's civil suit at the U.S. District Court House during April and May, 1978, SA [delete] came across the affidavit of General DUWARD L. CROW dated and signed on 4/19/74. Through the chain-of-command, DIRESSNACK had reported to CROW on 5/7/69 allegations that FITZGERALD was involved in a conflict of interest as a civilian with the Air Force, and the private management firm, Performance Technology Corporation (PTC), which FITZGERALD was formerly President. CROW forwarded DRIESSNACK's allegation on FITZGERALD to his immediate superior, General MC CONNELL, Chief of Staff, which initiated an investigation by the Air Force's Office of Security (OSI).

In DIRESSNACK's signed affidavit of 4/18/74, he states, "I did not discuss these matters again with General CROW (after the meeting of 5/7/69) nor did I ever discuss them with other defendants in this case after the OSI interview."

It is the opinion of WFO that by DRIESSNACK altering his unsigned affidavit into its present form of 4/18/74, and the fact that both DRIESSNACK's and CROW's affidavits appear to be similar, it does give the appearance that DRIESSNACK "discussed these matters with General CROW" prior to submitting the final form of his affidavit dated 4/18/74. If this is the case, WFO feels DRIESSNACK perjured himself.

SA [delete] discussed the above with Assistant U.S. Attorney (AUSA) DONALD E. CAMPBELL, Major Crimes, Washington, D.C., and he advised the facts warrant that a preliminary investigation be instituted at this time.

FBI Headquarters is requested to grant WFO the authority to investigate captioned matter. For the information of FBI Headquarters, Major General DRIESSNACK is currently Director of the Budget for the Air Force, and the complainant A. ERNEST FITZGERALD, a well-known figure in the Washington, D.C. area, has strong ties with Senator WILLIAM PROXMIRE.

WFO indices negative regarding DRIESSNACK.

Version 2 of Page 2

In April, 1974, then Lieutenant-Colonel HANS H. DRIESSNACK, named also as a defendant in this civil action by FITZGERALD, produced a sworn affidavit dated and signed 4/18/74. Through discovery in this civil action, FITZGERALD's attorneys were able to produce an unsigned affidavit by DRIESSNACK with numerous corrections that eventually became his sworn affidavit of 4/18/74.

After reviewing FITZGERALD's civil suit at the U.S. District Court House during April and May, 1978, SA GOLDEN came across the affidavit of General DUWARD L. CROW dated and signed o 4/19/74. Through the chain-of-command, DIRESSNACK had reported to CROW on 5/7/69 allegations that FITZGERALD was involved in a conflict of interest as a civilian with the Air Force, and the private management firm, Performance Technology Corporation (PTC), which FITZGERALD was formerly President. CROW forwarded DRIESSNACK's allegation on FITZGERALD to his immediate superior, General MC CONNELL, Chief of Staff, which initiated an investigation by the Air Force's Office of Security (OSI).

In DIRESSNACK's signed affidavit of 4/18/74, he states, "I did not discuss these matters again with General CROW (after the meeting of 5/7/69) nor did I ever discuss them with other defendants in this case after the OSI interview."

SA GOLDEN discussed the above with Assistant U.S. Attorney (AUSA) DONALD E. CAMPBELL, Major Crimes, Washington, D.C., and he advised the facts warrant that a preliminary investigation be instituted at this time.

FBI Headquarters is requested to grant WFO the authority to investigate captioned matter. For the information of FBI Headquarters, Major General DRIESSNACK is currently Director of the Budget for the Air Force, and the complainant, A. ERNEST FITZGERALD, a well-known figure in the Washington, D.C. area, has strong ties with Senator WILLIAM PROXMIRE.

WFO indices negative regarding DRIESSNACK.
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Re: The Pentagonists: An Insider's View of Waste, Mismanagem

Postby admin » Sat Nov 02, 2013 3:03 am

APPENDIX C

National Security Decision Directive 102,
September 5, 1983

UNCLASSIFIED

Partially Declassified and released on Apr 1, 1986 Under provision of E.O. 12356, by B. [illegible], National Security Council
Partial Text of NSDD 102

September 5, 1983

U.S. RESPONSE TO SOVIET DESTRUCTION OF KAL AIRLINER (U)

INTRODUCTION


This directive defines the measures the United States will undertake to respond to the Soviet Union's shooting down of a Korean Airlines civil airliner, an act that resulted in the loss of 269 lives. This action demands a serious international and U.S. response, with primary focus on action by the world community. This Soviet attack underscores once again the refusal of the USSR to abide by normal standards of civilized behavior and thus confirms the basis of our existing policy of realism and strength. (U).

OBJECTIVES

• Seek Justice. We must consult with, and help to lead, the international community in calling for justice. Civilized societies demand punishment and restitution to deter, and raise the costs of, future egregious acts. We have a responsibility to impress upon the world that the Soviets, at a minimum, owe the international community:
o A full account of what happened, an apology, an admission of responsibility, and appropriate punishments to those responsible. (U)
o Immediate access to the crash site for joint efforts by Korea, Japan, and the United States to recover the bodies of their citizens and, if possible, the wreckage of the Korean airliner (U)
o Firm assurances that the USSR will not use destructive force against unarmed aircraft in the future, including necessary alterations in Soviet procedures for handling cases in which aircraft mistakenly cross its airspace. (U)
o Agreement to provide compensation for the benefit of the aggrieved families and KAL. (U)
• [Deleted]
• Advance Understanding of the Contrast Between Soviet words and Deeds. Soviet brutality in this incident presents an opportunity to reverse the false moral and political "peacemaker" perception that their regime has been cultivating. This image has complicated the efforts of the Free World to illuminate the USSR's true objectives. (U)

ACTION

In order to realize the objectives above, the United States will take the following bilateral and multilateral actions in the areas of diplomacy, aviation security and safety, and regional confidence building:

• Diplomacy and Justice. The following steps should be continued or undertaken immediately to mobilize the international community:
o Conduct intensive efforts to secure coordinated international action. (U)
o Seeks maximum condemnation of the Soviet Union in the U.N. Security Council and provide wide dissemination of statements made in these sessions. (U)
o Announce that the US-Soviet Transportation Agreement will not be renewed and suspend all discussion on the issue of consulates in Kiev and New York and on a new exchanges agreement. (U)
o Continue to conduct a search in international waters, in consultation with Japan and Korea, for the remains of the aircraft. Assure the government of Korea that we will vigorously support their request to conduct, participate in, or observe salvage operations. Indicate our clear willingness and desire to assist the government of Korea in recovering the bodies and flight recorder as appropriate and in accord with international law. (U)
o Make joint request with the government of Japan for Soviet authorization for access to Soviet territorial waters and airspace to search for remains of the downed aircraft. (U).
o Initiate a major public diplomatic effort to keep international and domestic attention focused on the Soviet action and the objectives outlined above. (U)
o [Big Delete]
o Develop an omnibus U.S. claim against the Soviet Union for compensation for the loss of life and property. Offer to present to the USSR similar claims on behalf of the Korean victims. Also coordinate claims with the governments of other countries with citizens on the aircraft to dramatize the USSR's responsibility for its actions. (U)
o Reaffirm the existing U.S. sanctions against Aeroflot that predate the Soviet attack on KAL. (U)
o [Big Delete]

IMPLEMENTATION

The Secretary of State, in concert with the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of the treasury, the Secretary of Transportation, the Director of Central Intelligence, the Chairman of the JCS, the Direction of USIA, and the Administrator of the FAA, will develop a coordinated action plan to implement the provisions of this Directive. This plan should include a legislative, public affairs, and diplomatic strategy and be forwarded to the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs by Wednesday, September 7, 1983. (U)

Under the direction of the Secretary of State, an interagency group will continue to evaluate and explore additional possibilities for international and U.S. actions consistent with this Directive. The first report on this continuing effort should be forwarded to the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs by September 14, 1983. (U)
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Re: The Pentagonists: An Insider's View of Waste, Mismanagem

Postby admin » Sat Nov 02, 2013 3:06 am

Index

Abourezk, James, 100
Absolute immunity issue, 122-23,
124, 125
Accounting. See Cost analysis
and pricing policies
Acquisition Streamlining Panel,
238
Adams, Clark, 177, 179
Adams, Gordon, 300/ 301
Adams, Joe, 60
Adler, Allan, 263, 267-68, 269,
27 1, 272, 273, 275, 276
Adlfinger, AI, 145-46
Advanced Logistics System
(ALS), 79, 154
Advance Medium Range Air-to-Air
Missile (AMRAAM),
170
Aeronautical Systems Division
(ASD), 220, 222
Aerospace Daily, 192
Aerospace Education Foundation
Roundtable, 189
Aerospace Industries Association
(AIA), 280, 292
Agnew, Spiro T., 12, 64
Aiken, George, 41
Airborne Warning and Control
System (AWACS) airplane,
15 6
Air Force Logistics Command
(AFLC), n 78-79, 154,
238
Air Force Magazine, 1 89
Ail Force Plant Representative
Office (AFPRO), 141, 200,
201 , 202-3, 204, 205, 206,
207
Air Force Systems Command
(AFSC), 137, 138, 141, 152,
153, 189, 221, 238
Contract Management Divi
sion (CMD), 141, 143, 144
Air Logistic Centers (ALCs), 77,
78, 150, 151, 154, 155
work measurement system,
79
Air Staff Closet Coalition, 180,
182
Air University Review, 244
Aldridge, Edward, 171, 222, 239,
240
and reorganization, 246-48
Alerting America, 229
Allen, James, 84
Allen, Richard, 229
American Civil Liberties Union
(ACLU), 62
and Fitzgerald's damage suit,
74, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126
and secrecy issues, 266-71,
272, 273, 274-76, 277
and suit against Nixon, 122
American Federation of Government
Employees, 100-101,
102, 276
American Productivity Center
(APC), 190
Amlie, Thomas, 146-47, 149,
157, 309-10
investigation of Hughes Aircraft,
201, 202, 203
investigation of labor charges,
169, 170
investigation of spare parts and
tools, 151, 156, 186, 213,
224
Anderson, Jack, 117, 120, 154
Anderson, Robert, 97
Andrews, Reginald, 218-19, 220,
222
Aney, Russ, 281, 282
Anthony, Robert N., 14, 244,
281
Arizona Star, 201
Armed Services Committee, 181
19
Arthur Andersen and Company,
135, 236, 254
Aspin, Les, 87, 99, 191, 240, 245,
246, 268
and procurement, 283
and secrecy issues, 276
Atlantic Monthly, 293, 294
Aviation Week, 226

B-1 bomber, 97, 98, 99, 234-35,
245
B-2 Stealth bomber, 305, 311
Badhwar, Inderjit "Indy" 103-4,
105, 120
Badin, John, 114, 118
Baker, Howard, 27 6
Balanced budget proposal, 127-
28, 136, 139, 297-300
Balance of trade, 301- 2
Baroody, Bill, 30
Barrett, Mike, 1941 22 I
Barry, Edward, 25 2, 253
Basic Ordering Agreements
(BOAs), 139-40
Bast, Dick, 86
Beary, John F., III, 261, 262
Beckman, Kenneth, 16
Bedell, Berkley, 176-77
Before the Fall, 23
Bell, Griffin, 102, 112, 119
Bennett, , Charles, 234
Berteau, David, 229-30
Bettinger, F., 196
Bevill, Claudia, 250
Bid and proposal expenses
(B & P), 280
Bid rigging. See Bribes, kickbacks,
and bid rigging
Blandford, John, 84-85, 88
Blaylock, Ken, 106
Blaznik, Cecil, 25 3
Blowing the Whistle, 102
Blue-Ribbon Commission on Defense
Management, 226-35
Boddie, John, 239
Bodie, Ken, 103
Bodner, John, Jr., 67, 276
as lawyer for Fitzgerald, 6, 55,
56, 57, 60, 70, 74, 113, 126
Boeing Aircraft Company, 15 6,
157-58, 179, 292
Boren, David, 268
Bork, Robert, 268, 273
Boston Globe, 183, 237, 273-74
Bower, Joseph L., 28 I
Bowsher, Charles, Jr., 135, 254
Boxer, Barbara, 174, 188, 189,
191, 192, 193, 224, 225, 255
and Packard Commission,
232
and secrecy issues, 27 2
Boyd, John, 54
Boyd, Trenton, 14, 16
Braase, Louis, 27 6-77
Brian-Bland, Danielle, 27 1
Bribes, kickbacks, and bid rigging,
4, 46, 231, 237, 287-92, 313
by General Dynamics, 193-94
by Lockheed, 83-85
by Northrop, 83-86, 3°5
Brinkley, David, 235
Brooks, Jack, 133, 261, 262-63,
268, 275, 311
Brouk, Art, 194
Brousseau, Ronald, Sr., 305-6
Brown, Harold, 7-8, 95, 102, 109,
2 69
and C-5A scandal, 8-9, 11, 16
and firing of Fitzgerald, 9-10,
74, 126
and military spending, 38, 96-
97, 98, 99
Broydrick, Bill, 87, 90
Bruce, John, 55
Bryan, Jack, 145, 146, 170
Bryant, John, 195, 232
Bryant, William, 56-571 68, 111,
126, 276
Buchanan, Patrick, 18, 21, 23, 28,
66
and firing of Fitzgerald, 29, 30,
35, 65
Buchen, Philip H., 92
Buck, Kathleen, 29 1
Budget deficits, 293, 295
Budget reform legislation, 230,
233
Bueter, Arnold, 90
Bureau of the Budget, 32, 33,
35
Burns, Hugh, 166, 167
Bush, Bill, 12 5
Bush, George, 92, 97, 264
Bush v. Lucas, 125
Businessmen's Educational Fund
(BEF), 29, 40, 53, 95
Business Week, 97, 228
Butterfield, Alexander, 264
and firing of Fitzgerald, 24, 34,
36
Fitzgerald's damage suit
against, 741 112, 113, 122,
123, 125, 126
Button, Dan, 255
Byrd, Harry, Jr., 70-71
Byrd, Harry, Sr., 71
Byrne, Bill, 234
Byron, Beverly, 246-47

C- 5A transport plane
cost overruns, 3, 5, 8, 9, 10, 17,
22, 36-37, 109, 147, 284
cover-up, 14,16, 17, 30, 115,
227
hearings on, 11, 15-161 36
inefficiency of, 8, 24-25, 227
and insider trading, 27
learning curve price for, 1471
148-49
spare parts: purchases for,
218
C-5B plane, 147, 148-49, 219,
220
Campbell, Donald E., 115, 116,
1171 120
Cannon, Howard, 86, 113
Capitol Hill Military Reform
Caucus, 224
Cappucci, Joseph, 201 35, 192
Fitzgerald's damage suit
against, 112, 116, 118,
119
and Fitzgerald's reinstatement
hearings, 57, 6o, 70
Carlucci, Frank, 129, 135-36,
147, 233, 287, 298-99
and procurement bribes, 289,
291-92
and secrecy issues, 272, 276
Carter, Jimmy, 103, 113, 115,
120, 127, 132, 310
campaign commitments, 96,
97, 98, 102
and civil service reform, 103-6,
1071 108-9, 110, 125-26,
130, 145
Fitzgerald's damage suit
against, 6, 117
and Lockheed, 109-10
military budget/policy, 93-94,
96-98, 991 101, 128, 150,
155, 159
and reorganization, 94
and secrecy/security issues,
110, 264, 311
Carter-Mondale Policy Planning
Group, 95
Carter Reform Act. See Carter,
Jimmy: and civil service reform
Carver, Richard, 174, 183, 1841
185, 187, 188-89, 221, 247
and investigation of Hughes
Aircraft, 205-6, 207-8, 211
and spare parts pricing, 220,
221, 222
and work standards, 239
Casey, Aloysius, 253
Casey, William, 229
Cash flow statements, 281
Catto, Henry E., 261, 266
Cavanaugh, James, 198, 199, 224
Center for Strategic and International
Studies (ICIS), 282-83
Chandler, Colby H., 300, d02,
30 4
Chapin, Bruce, 194, 250, 264
Chapin, Dwight, 30
Chapman, Dudley/Chapman Report,
38, 65
Charles, Robert, 9, 11, 14, 16
Chauhan, Ompal "Om" 141-42,
143, 145-46, 162, 201
and investigation of labor
charges, 170, 171, 179, 191
Checks and balances system,
235-36, 245, 254-55
Chennault, Anna, 87, 88
Chennault, Claire, 87
Chicago Tribune, 35, 36, 37, 291
Christein, Wayne, 166
Christian Science Monitor, 96
Church, Frank, 83, 84, 86
Churchill, Mae, 274
CIA, 181, 182, 183, 262-63
Civilian control of armed forces,
243-46, 249, 257, 25 8
Civil Service Commission
employment statistics, 106,
107
and Fitzgerald case, 39, 55, 56,
57, 62, 69, 70 , 71, 72-73, 74,
125, 126
Civil Service Reform Program,
106
Civil service system, 102-3, 104,
105-6, 146
Clark, Bruce, 117, 119
Clark, Louis, 267
Clark, Richard, 86
Clark, William, 161 233
Clay, Cassius, 104
Clements, William, 90-91
Cleveland Plain Dealer, 27
Clifton Precision, 237
Coalition for a New Foreign and
Military Policy, 99
Coalition to Stop the B-1, 98
Coco, Marie, 272
Code of Ethics, 26-27, 83, 101,
105, 237
Cohen, Felice "Fritzy," 82
Cohen, Victor, 287
Colson, Charles, 1, 2, 6, 36, 66
Colt, AI, 20r
Commercial Appeal, 132
Committee on the Present Danger,
95-96, 229
Committee to Back the President,
128
Competition
courtesy, 305
for military contracts, 282,
300-302, 304-5, 307-8
swindles, 305-6
Competition in Contracting Act
(CICA), 3 0 5
Condon, Edward, 134
Congressional Record, 16, 210
Contractors, 308-309
entertainment expenses, 85-
87
military standard for, 145
self-governance proposal, 231,
232, 237-38, 285, 290
systems, 52
See also specific companies
Contracts, military, 4, 40-43,
307, 309
cost analysis of, 50-52, 53
cost-justifying methods for, 22,
47-50, 236
cost rivalry, 54
cross checking of, 235-36, 245,
254-55
CWAS, 228
multiyear, 239
negotiations for, 46, 53-54
pricing, government, 17
pricing, "should cost" 17, 44,
50, 51, 52, 53, 77, 79, 159,
164, 220, 221-221 228, 304
procurement, r & d, 40-41, 129
protested, 239
shipbuilding, 21, 54
sole-source, 181
tools, 211, 212-18, 282
total package, 228
undefinitized orders, 46-47
and work measurement estimates
44-45, 51
Cook, Kenneth, 61-63, 82
Cooke, D.O., 90, 235
Cooper, Tom, 204
Corcoran, Tommy "the Cork"
88
Corporate communism, 30 7-8
Corporatism, 308-10, 313-14
Cost analysis and pricing policies,
50-51, 149
actual cost, 45-461 159, 164,
219
cost-plus, 47-48, 304
Dollar Model, 76, 182, 183
equal allocation of overhead,
174-75, 176, 177, 211, 226,
284
full absorption accounting,
177-79, 216, 304
learning curve for, 48-49, 77,
143, 147, 148-49
line item integrity, 176, 177,
179-80
should-cost, 17, 44, 50, 51, 52,
53, 77, 79, 159, 164, 220,
221-221 228, 304
Costello, Robert, 280
Cost Estimating Relationships
(CERs), 182
Cost maximizing, 300
Council of Defense and Space
Industry Associations
(CODSIA), 164
Courter, Jim, 191, 192, 193
Cox, Archibald, 75
Crane, Ed, 131, 132
Crow, Duward L. "Pete" 41, 71-72, 112, 113m
115, 116-17
Crown, Lester, 196, 197
Cuba, 309
Curtiss-Wright corporation, 225

Davidson, Jim, 67, 127, 130-3 1
Dawson, Rhett B., 229
Dean, John, 58, 60, 61 , 64, 65,
66-67
DeConcini, Dennis, 116, 119
Defense Authorization Bill, 193
Defense Contract Audit Agency
(DCAA) 87, 143, 144, 145,
199
and GAO, 227-28
labor charges audit, 165, 166,
168, 169, 221
Defense Intelligence Agency
(DIA) 182
Defense Investigative Service
(DIS), 89, 90, 91, 265
Defense Logistics Agency (DLA),
145
Defense Management Challenge,
The, 283-85
DeFrancis, Frank J., 84-85
DeGraffenreid, Kenneth, 260
DeLeon, Rudy, 191
deLuca, Joe, 72
Denfield, Louis, 5
Dent, Harry, 66
Department of Defense (DoD)
fallout funds, 180-8I
labor charges audit, 166, 174,
179
procurement, 179
and spare parts, 219
See also Defense Contract Audit
Agency (DCAA)
Determan, Sally, 124
Devine, Sana, 18
Devine, Tona, 267, 268, 275
Dickinson, Bill, 12, 18, 19, 25,
28, 206, 225-26, 232, 234
as ally of Fitzgerald, 63, 256
Dingell, John, 116, 240, 268
and Fitzgerald's damage suit,
119, 125
investigation of General Dynamics,
194, 195, 196
investigation of Hughes Aircraft,
211, 215
investigation of MX missile,
254, 256
investigation of procurement
pricing, 168, 184, 189, 283,
287
investigation of spare parts,
218-23, 225
and reorganization efforts, 245,
246, 247, 248, 249, 2 54
and secrecy issues, 259-60,
266, 271, 278
Directors and Boards, 135
Dixon, Jack C., 113
Dobrovir, William, 103
Dobrynin, Anatoly, 134, 135
Dole, Robert, 210
Dollar Model, 76, 182, 183
Dollars and Sense, 127, 128
Dollars per standard labor hour
index, 51, 52-53, 78, 79, 149,
156
Donaldson, Sam, 235
Dornan, Robert, 125, 135
Douglas, William 0., 314
Downer, Samuel, 42-43, 76
Driessnack, Hans "Whitey,"
20, 57, 112, 114, 148-49,
156
and Fitzgerald's damage suit,
112, 113-14, 117-18, 119
perjury charges against, 115,
116-17, 118, 120
Dudka, Bette, 171
Duesenberg, R., 196, 197
Duffy, Joe, 24
Dukakis, Michael, 285
Durham, Henry, 42, 73, 130

Economilitary issues in national
policy, 242-43
Edey, Marion, 273
Edwards, J. T. (Jay), 154, 155,
198
Edwards, Jack, 12, 25
Edwards, Willard, 35, 36
Ehrlichman, John, 2-3, 23, 24,
59, 65, 69
and firing of Fitzgerald, 30, 32,
33, 36
Eisenhower, Dwight D., 1, 82,
241
and military-industrial complex,
4, 100, 242, 243, 244,
309
Electronic Industries Association
(EIA), 280
Employment, defense, 302, 304
Engelbeck, Marshall, 170
Engwall, Richard, 192-93
Ensign, Dick, 137, I 54
Equal allocation pricing. See Cost
analysis and pricing policies:
equal allocation of overhead
costs
Ernst and Ernst, 85, 86
Ervin, Sam, 64, 68
Ethics Resource Center (ERC),
237
Evans, David, 291
Executive privilege, 58-59, 60,
61, 63, 64

F-5 Freedom Fighter, 84
F-16 fighter plane, 54, 84, 212,
213, 215
F-17 fighter plane, 84
F-18 fighter plane, 83
F-111 fighter plane, 21, 26, 135,
244
Fairhall, James, 177
Falcon missile, 147
FBI, 67, 91, 115, 254
and Fitzgerald's case, 116,
117
investigation of collusive fraud,
238, 247, 287, 305
and spare parts scandal, 163,
235
Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA), 58
Federal Polygraph Limitation and
Anti-Censorship Act, 262
Federal Register, 275
Federal Times, 101, 103, 117-18,
171
Feinstein, Andrew, 103, 273
Ferguson, D. N., 250-51
Fielding, Fred, 60-65
Fields, James, 283
Fischer, Fred, 161
Fitzgerald, Nell, 68
Five Year Defense Program
(FYDP), 297
Flannigan, Peter, 66
Ford, Gerald, 28, 88, 91, 97, 99
and secrecy/security issues,
91-92, 264
Ford, William, 266
Fortune, 168
Foster, Johnny, 22
Fox, J. Ronald, 50, 283, 284, 285,
287
Frank, Barney, 125
FIaud. See Bribes, kickbacks, and
bid rigging
Frech, Paul, 73
Free, Tim, 29
Freeze, the, 296-97/ 312
Fund for Constitutional Government
(FCG), 95, 103, 104-5,
108, 132, 160, 266-67, 311
Fuqua, Donald, 235, 292
Furlong, Ray, 234

Gag orders. See Standard Form
189 (SF 189)
Gansler, Jacques, 229
Garfinkel, Steven, 113, 260, 264-66, 267,
269, 272, 273-74,
278
Garment, Leonard, 38, 65, 68,
71
Gasch, Oliveri 276, 277
Gay, Lawrence, 87
General Accounting Office
(GAO), 15, 94
audit of General Dynamics,
216, 218
audit of Hewlett-Packard, 227
cost analysis of military contracts,
51, 165, 211, 215
and DCAA, 227-28
General Dynamics, 135, 193, 236
audit of, by GAO, 216, 218
bribes and kickbacks scandal,
193-99, 237
F-16 fighter plane, 84
pricing policy, 211, 216-18, 225
spare parts purchases, 166, 215
General Electric, 179, 182, 236
George, Jim, 222
Germany, 308-9
Gesell, Gerhard, 112, 113, 116, 120, 121, 123
Gileece, Maryanne, 188
Gilliland, Jim, 196
Gilmore, Hugh, 34
Gilpatric, Roswell, 22
Glasser, Ira, 274, 275
Goering, Hermann, 82
Gold, David, 300, 301
Golden, Robert, 115, 116, 120,
287
Goldman, Patti, 277
Goldwater, Barry, 22, 210, 234,
235, 238, 239, 245
Gorbachev, Mikhail, 296
Gore, Albert, Jr., 125
Gore, Albert, Sr., 228
Gorman, Paul, 233
Gottlieb, Sanford, 134
Gould Corporation, 176, 177, 179
Government Accountability
Project (GAP), 263, 267, 272,
273
Government Operations Committee,
261
Grace Commission, 175
Grady, Dan, 121
Grants to contractors, 4, 280
Grassley, Charles, 155, 156, 169-
70, 171-72, 174, 179, 191,
192, 294
Freeze proposal, 186-88, 189,
190, 191, 192, 193, 210, 224,
312
investigation of procurement
bribery, 287, 288, 290
and secrecy issues, 276, 277
Grassley-Boxer bill, 186-88, 189,
190, 191, 192, 193, 210, 224,
312
Greenstreet, Bob, 174
Grenada, 309
Gross, H. R., 29

Haig, Alexander, 23, 30, 69, 75
Haldeman, Robert, 24, 30, 38, 68,
69
and firing of Fitzgerald, 6, 32,
34-35, 36, 68, 69
Hale, Russell, 137, 143, 144, 145,
146, 147, 149, 183-84
and labor charges audit, 166,
168
and spare parts investigation,
151, 15 2, 154, 164
Halperin, Morton, 124
and secrecy issues, 266-67,
268, 269, 270, 272, 273, 274-
75, 277
suit against Nixon and Kis
singer, 122, 123-24
Hamilton, Lee, 162
Hamilton, Peter B., 117
Hamilton, Robert, 20, 55, 73, 74
Hancock, Robert, 15 1, 154
Harlow, Bryce, 18-19, 28, 31, 32,
64
and Fitzgerald's damage suit,
74, 120, 122, 123, 125, 126
Harris, Leslie, 126
Harshman, Dick, 168, 169, 187,
202, 204, 208
Hart, Peter, 286
Harvard Business School Press,
283
Harwood, Richard, 21-22
Hatch, Orrin, 116, 119, 120, 125,
133
Hatch Act, 255
Hatfield, Mark, 250
Haugh, Pat, 142
Hayduck, Ann, 89-90
Health care industry, 304
Heflin, Howell, 171
Hemenway, Russ, 272
Henderson, Tom, 120
Herbert, Jule, 131
Herblock cartoons, 219, 288-
89
Hercules corporation, 287
Herrington, James, 275
Hershow, Sheila, 103, 117-18,
183
Hetu, Herbert E., 229
Hewlett-Packard, 22, 25, 227
Heymann, Philip, 119
Higby, Larry, 34-35
High Priests of Waste, The, 3, 50,
169, 210, 227
Hills, Carla, 233
Hird, Grant, 139
Hitler, Adolf, 308-9
Hitler's Secret Book, 309
Hoewing, Linc, 167
Hoffman, Marty, 68, 71
Hoffman, Nicholas von, 63
Hogan and Hartson, 120, 124
Holifield, Chet, 17, 19, 48, 227,
283
and C-5A scandal, 12-13, 14-
15, 16
Holloway, James, 233
Holmes, D. Brainerd, 97
Hoover, Herbert/Hoover Commission,
242-43
Hoover, J. Edgar, 24
Hopkins, Larry, 255-56
House Armed Services Committee,
191, 225, 231-32, 248,
254
Hovelson, Lisa, 169
Hudson, Henry, 287
Hughes Aircraft Company, 137,
138, 141, 142, 147, 149,
248
cost and quality control problems,
200, 201-2, 203-4,
205, 206-7, 208
cost estimates for Soviet missiles,
182
labor charging policy, 165, 166,
170
Hughes, Harold, 113
Hughes, James, 24
Human Events, 43
Huston, John Charles, 21-22, 23,
28
Hyatt, Brian, 253

Independent research and development
(IR & D), 280
Industrial Management Assistance
Surveys (IMASs), 51
Inflation, 80, 300
Information and Security Oversight
Office (ISOO), 260, 265,
272, 274
Information categories
classifiable, 265, 270, 272, 274,
275
classified, 263, 264-65, 270,
273, 275, 277-7 8
confidential, 259
secret, 259, 264
Inouye, Daniel, 36, 64, 68
Institute for Police Studies, 43
Internal Revenue Service, 65-68
Iran-Contra hearings, 30, 260,
271
Iranian rescue mission, 129
Isbell, Florence, 6
Israel, 81, 99
Italy, 308-9

Jackson, Jesse, 312
Jacobs, Ted, 103, 104, 105
Jacobson, Raymond, 107
Johnson, Lyndon, 5, 7, 18, 23, 95
Johnson, Peggy, 153
Joint Economic Committee (JEC),
17, 27, 39
cost analysis of military contracts,
50, 51, 53, 54
Jones, Thomas, 85
Jonsson, Thorn, 174
Jordan, Hamilton, 95, 102
Jordan, Len, 12, 28
Julyan, David, 121

Kagan, Stan, 138
Kahn, Theodore, 80
Kampelman, Max, 229
Kann, Kurt von, 120, 123, 124
Kaplan, Fred, 183, 237
Kartis, James E., 90
Kassebaum, Nancy, 183, 224
Kaufman, Richard, 8-9, 13, 17,
224
Keating, David, 130
Keegan, George, 97
Keeney, Jack, 120
Kelman, Stephen, 175-76, 177,
279
Kelson, John, 117
Kemp, Jack, 133
Kennedy, Edward, 24
Kennedy, Joe, 268
Kennedy, John F., 7
Kennedy, Max/Project Max, 79,
80, 154
Kephart, Robert, 43, 67
Ketcham, Henry, 283
Khadafi, Moammar, 309
Kimmit, Robert, 260
Kindinger, Ed, 145-46
King, Susan, 121
Kinkaid, Bill, 90
Kirkland, Lane, 96, 229
Kirkpatrick, Jeane, 229
Kirschbaum, Eugene, 114, 118,
119
Kissinger, Henry, 38, 83
and firing of Fitzgerald, 21, 32,
36, 37
Halperin suit against, 122, 123
wiretapping activities, 23, 26,
69, 122
Kissinger v. Halperin, 123
Kitchens, Larry, 222
Klein, Herb, 36
Koch, Charles, 131
Koch, George, 131
Kolesnik, Kris, 186, 191, 210
and labor charges audit, 169,
172, 184, 187, 192
and procurement bribes, 287
and secrecy issues, 272-73,
276
Koontz, Harold, 268
Korean airliner disaster, 160-62
Kotz, Nick, 99
Kraft, Joseph, 96
Kramer, John, 103
Krogh, Bud, 30
Krupp, Alfreid, 309

Laird, Melvin, 19, 22, 23
and C-5A scandal, 16, 25, 37
and firing of Fitzgerald, 20, 30,
36, 60, 65
and Fitzgerald's damage suit,
112, 117
and Fitzgerald's reinstatement
hearings, 68
and military spending, 27-28,
36
Landau, Jack, 268
Lang, John, 10, 11
Latham, Watkins and Hills, 233
Laughter, Sy, 208
Laundered money, 84, 85, 86, 181
Lawrence, Ken, 270-71
Lazarus, Simon, 105, 106
Leahy, Patrick, 118, 119, 121
Learning curve. See Cost analysis
and pricing policies: learning
curve for
Lefevre, E. J., 197
Lehman, John, 194, 209, 229,
235, 287
Levine, Mel, 172, 224, 233
Lewis, David S., 196, 197
Libya, 309-10
Lie detectors (polygraphs), 260,
261-62
Lincoln Club, 136-37
Lindenfelser, James, 229, 248
Ling, James, 42, 43
Ling Temco Vought Corporation,
42
Litton Industries, 287
Lockheed, 132, 313
bailout, 47, 227
bribes by, 83, 85
and C-5A, 3, 8, 10, 11, 17, 27,
54, 73, 147, 218, 227
and C-5B, 147, 148-49, 219,
220
Carter ties with, 109-10
repricing formula, 19-20
spare parts pricing, 218, 219,
220-21
stock market interests, 16
Long, John, 201
Looney, Larry, 219
Los Angeles Times, 161
Lost opportunity factor, 300,
304
Lovelace, A. M., 197
LTV, 182
Lynch, Mark H., 124
Lynsky, John, 221

MacArthur, Douglas, 5, 242
McCarthy, Eugene, 131
McCarthy, Joseph, 125
McCleary, Terrence, 90
McClellan, John, 35
McClendon, Sarah, 32, 33, 34
McConnell, John P., 112, 116
McCracken, Paul, 27, 28
McDaniel, Rodney B., 259
MacDonald, Gorden, 196
McDonald, Robert, 139
McDonnell-Douglas, 84, 182,
237, 287
McFarlane, Robert, 226, 233, 260,
263
McGee, John, 202-3, 205, 207,
209
McGovern, George, 132
McGovern, James, 239, 240
MAC Group, 280-82
McLean, William, 146-47
McLucas, John, 70, 72-73, 89
McNamara, Robert, 71 21, 22, 23,
26, 297
Magruder, Jeb Stuart, 32, 36, 37
Mahon, George, 91
Malek, Fred, 66
Maloney, Fred, 207
Management Accounting, 281
Manned Orbiting Laboratory
(MOL), 21
Marietta Daily Journal, 109
Markey, Howard, 311-12
Marks, Ted, 244
Marsh, Jack, 71
Marsh, Thomas, 137, 138, 143
Martin, Donna, 188, 191-92
Martin Marietta Corporation,
287
Maverick missiles, 137-38, 139,
141, 142, 149, 203, 206, 210
Mavroules, Nick, 191
Mayo, Robert, 20, 28, 32, 33
Media
and Fitzgerald case, 117, 135
and government propaganda,
279-80
and Packard Commission re-
port, 231-32, 237
and procurement practices, 16,
159, 183, 239, 284, 289
and secrecy issues, 268, 272,
278
See also specific newspapers
Meese, Edwin, 195, 253, 273
Mellor, James, 197
Melman, Seymour, 41, 134, 300,
304
Messamore, Claude, 176
Metzenbaum, Howard, 97
Military Airlift Command, 100,
174
Military-industrial complex, 4,
100, 242, 243, 244, 309
Miller, Arnie, 121
Miller, Frank, 151
Miller, Merle, 225
Milwaukee Journal, 43
Minuteman program, 21
Mitchell, John, 34
Mitchell, Parren, 100
Mitchell, Willard, 145, 152, 153-
54
Moffett, Toby, 125
Mohr, Charles, 97
Mollenhoff, Clark (The Boomer),
23, 37, 38, 62, 144
as ally of Fitzgerald, 29, 133,
135
and executive privilege issue,
1-2
and firing of Fitzgerald, 30, 31,
32, 33, 34, 35
and Fitzgerald's reinstatement
hearings, 56, 58, 60-61, 63,
67, 68
Mondale, Fritz, 95, 97, 102, 172
Moon, Sun Yung, 145
Moorhead, William, 12, 13, 15,
16, 25
Moran, Thomas, 72, 79
More Bucks, Less Bang, 160
Morgan, Charles "Chuck," Jr.,
95, 102, 103
and civil service reforms, 104,
105-6
Morgan, Skip, 247
Morris, Anthony, 130
Morrison, Alan D., 103, 124
Morrison, David, 245
Moses, Harry, 109
Moses, Judith, I09
Moss, John, 105
"Motivating the Pentagon Bureaucracy
to Reduce the Unit
Cost of Defense," 95
Matt, Stewart, 95, 103, 104, 131,
132
Murphy, John, 19
Murphy, W. W., 168
Mussolini, Benito, 308-9, 310
MX missile, 249-54, 256

Nader, Ralph, 102
and civil service reforms, 102,
103-4, 107-8
and Fitzgerald's damage suit, 6,
124, 125
and military spending, 82-83
and secrecy issues, 273, 277
National Democratic Coalition,
24, 36
National Journal, 245
National Security Agency (NSA),
262-63
National Security Council, 258,
307
National Security Decision Directives
(NSDDs), 259, 307,
312
NSDD # 84, 260-63, 267, 268,
269, 277
NSDD # 102, 162
NSDD # 219, 233, 234, 238,
259-60
See also Standard Form r89 (SF
r89)
National Security Industrial Association
(NSIA), 236,
280
National Taxpayers Legal Fund
(NTLF), 130-31
National Taxpayers Union
(NTU), 43, 67, 68, 127, 133,
135
and B-1 bomber issue, 98
and balanced budget proposal,
I27-28
and Fitzgerald's case, 133
Project on Military procurement
(PMP), 130-31, 132
National Transportation Safety
Board (NTSB), 161
Navy v. Egan, 311- 12
Nelson, Greg, 313
Newman, Barbara, 119
New Order reorganization plan,
238-40, 245, 247, 248, 249,
254, 256
and secrecy issues, 259
Newsday, 272
Newsweek, 129
New York Times
and Carter budget, 97
and contract pricing, 164
and Fitzgerald's reinstatement
hearings, 61, 63
and military spending, 23
and Packard Commission report,
232
and secrecy issues, 262, 265,
271
Nichols, Bill, 232, 238, 245
and reorganization plans, 246,
248, 249, 254, 255
Nielson, Thomas, 10, 12, 16, 20
Nitze, Paul, 229, 244
Nixon, Richard, 36, 60, 75, 134
and C-5A scandal, 5, 17-18,
36-37
and civil service system, 105
election (1972), 68, 84
and executive privilege, 1, 2-3,
65
and federal merit system, 102-3
and firing of Fitzgerald, 6, 29,
30, 31, 32, 33, 35, 65
and Fitzgerald's damage suit,
74, 112, 120-21, 122, 123,
124, 125
and Fitzgerald's reinstatement
hearings, 6, 57, 58-59, 60,
61, 68, 71, 121
"get tough" policy, 28, 30
Halperin suit against, 122
military spending budget,
policy, 3, 11, 21, 27, 36, 43, 48
and secrecy issues, 110, 264
and Southeast Asia war, 27, 28
Nixon, Richard (cont.)
space program, 21
and Watergate, 64, 65, 120
Nixon papers, 112-13
Nixon v. Fitzgerald, 307
Nixon White House tapes, 120
Nofziger, Lyn, 36
Nogoki, Warren, 185
Noland, John, 124, 125
Nondisclosure agreements. See
Secrecy: oaths
Norden Systems, 287
North, Oliver, 30, 260, 271, 287
Northrop Corporation
audit of, 89, 90, 91
bribery by, 83-86, 305
entertainment expenses, 87,
88, 91
MX missile operations, 249-
54
Nossiter, Bernard, 19-20, 42, 76
Nunn, Sam, 234-35, 268, 287

Obligation authority, 302-4
Office of Management and Budget
(OMB), 128
Office of Special Council (0SC),
145
Office of Special Investigations
(OSI), 20, 114, 116, 253
O'Donnell, Cyril, 268
Omerta concept, 26, 65, 253
Orr, Verne, 136-37, 138, 144,
146, 147
and C-5B, 149
and Fitzgerald, 185
and investigation of Hughes
Aircraft, 202, 203, 204, 205,
211
and investigation of procurement
practices, 166, 167-68,
170, 171, 182, 193, 215, 238-39
pay raise initiative, 146
and spare parts scandal, 156,
157, 164
and spending objectives, 183
Otepka, Otto, 35-36

Packard, David, 313
and firing of Fitzgerald, 30, 31,
33, 60
and investigation of procurement
practices, 227-28, 229
and military spending budget/
policy, 22, 28, 50, 54, 96, 300
review of Fitzgerald's book, 50,
228
See also Packard Commission;
Poindexter/Packard plan
Packard, Duane, 137, 138-39, 146
Packard Commission, 230, 231-32,
233-34, 235, 236, 244-45,
254, 259, 260
Pahl, R. E., 308
Paisley, Melvyn, 287, 292
Parfitt, Colin, 146, 156, 157, 252,
286
as ally of Fitzgerald, 78, 80, 90,
137, 143, 147, 239
and investigation of Hughes,
201
and labor charges audit, 164-65,
169, 174, 177
and procurement costs, 284
and spare parts scandal, 151,
152, 153, 154, 199, 224
Patman, Wright, 39, 84, 85
Patronage, 4-5
Payne, Daniel 0., 90
Peat, Marwick, Mitchell and
Company, 236-37
Pentagon Underground, The,
148, 155
Performance measurement. See
Work measurement
Performance Technology Corporation,
20, 114, 116, 119
Peterson, Peter G., 293-94, 300
Petkus, Peter, 82, 102, 103
Pewitt, James, 112
Pfautz, James C., 181, 182, 183
Philadelphia Bulletin, 99
Philadelphia Inquirer, 96
Phillips, Jim, 119
Phoenix missile, 202, 203, 206,
207, 208, 209
Pincus, Walter, 92
Poindexter, John, 259-60
Poindexter/Packard plan, 233,
234, 235, 237, 238, 244-45,
248, 259, 280, 281, 285, 290
and FYDP, 297, 298
political Economy of National
Security, The, 76
Pollack, Richard, 286
Powell, Jody, 97
Pratt and Whitney, 143, 144, 154,
182
and bribery, 154, 160, 287
FBI investigation of, 198
and General Dynamics hearings,
198-99
pricing policy, 150, 151-52,
153, 155, 156, 162-63, 164,
199, 225
Prepublication review, 260, 262,
269, 274
President's Executive Interchange
Program, 310
President Who Failed, The, 110
Press. See Media
Preston, Raymond C., 163
Prettyman, Barrett, 121, 12 3,
124
Price, David, 263
Price, Mel, 191
Pricing policies. See Cost analysis
and pricing policies
Private Sector Cost Management
Group, 205, 207, 208
Procurement. See Contracts, mil
itary
Profits without production, 41,
300
Program Planning and Budgeting
System (PPBS), 297
Project Maxi 79, 80, 154
Project on Military Procurement
(PMP), 130-31, 132, 151,
160, 237, 239, 271
Proxmire, William, 202
and firing of Fitzgerald, 10-11,
19, 33-34, 39, 65
and Fitzgerald's damage suit,
113, 114-15, 118-19
and Fitzgerald's reinstatement
hearings, 63, 69, 97, 102, 133
and grants to contractors, 280
investigation of C-5A, 8-9, 12,
13, 16, 19, 28, 36, 109, 110
investigation of military spend
ing, 21, 22-23, 24-25, 30, 33,
47, 50, 51, 199, 222
investigation of Northrop, 91
Joint Committee on Defense
Production, 90
Joint Economic Subcommittee,
174, 189
and secrecy issues, 276
Pryor, David, 224, 267, 2721 276
Public Integrity Section (PIS)
of Justice Department, 118-19,
120
Public Interest, The, 175
Puritano, Vincent, 195, 229
Pursley, Robert, 25

Quayle, Dan, 191

Rak, Dan, 238, 248
Ramsey, Nancy, 183
Rand Corporation, 280
Randolph, Bernard, 245, 251
Raskin, Marcus, 43
Rasor, Dina, 130, 132, 148, 155,
156, 188
and secrecy issues, 268-69,
270, 271, 272
Rauh, Carl, 120
Rauh, Joe, 103
Raven-Hansen, Peter, 120, 121,
123, 124
Reagan, Ronald, 86, 127, 132,
134, 229, 233, 287, 306
and balanced budget, 128, 136,
300
and civilian controls, 249
and cross checking of
contracts, 235-36
election (1984), 185
foreign policy, 296
and investigation of General
Dynamics, 195
and investigation of procurement
practices, 226-35
military spending budget,
policy, 4, 29, 121, 128, 129,
130, 139, 144, 150, 155, 159,
169, 172, 185, 186, 199, 210,
224, 225, 230, 282, 293, 297-98,
299
and Packard Commission, 230
and procurement bribery, 289
and secrecy/security issues,
259, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270,
272, 275, 277, 311, 312
and spare parts scandal, 155-
56, 158-59
Reagan Recovery Plan, 129
Redick, Lee, 118
Reed, Robert, 189
Reger, Brenda, 260
Rehnquist, William, 123-24,
125
Reorganization Act. See New Order
reorganization plan
Retired Officer, The, 80
Rey, Charlie, 250
Rhodes, George, 79
Riccioni, Everest, 54
Richard Nixon v. A. Ernest Fitzgerald,
124
Richardson, Elliot, 58, 75
Rickover, Hyman, 50, 53, 54, 194
Riggs, Robert, 85-87, 88, 89-90,
91, 160
Riley, John, 271
Ririe, Jim, 137, 143, 144, 156,
161, 183-84
Rivers, Mendel, 18, 19, 22, 41,
85, 191
Roback, Herb, 17, 19
Roberts, John E., 163, 164, 283
Robertson, Kirk, 272
Roche, R. D., 109
Rockwell International, 97, 99
Roehrig, J. R., 251
Rogers and Wells, 233
Rolling Stone, 96
Roosevelt, Franklin, 88
Roosevelt, Theodore, 11
Ross, Michael, 60
Ross, Rebecca, 113
Roth, William, 133
and labor charges audit, 165-
67, 168, 169, 170, 171, 211
Ruckelshaus, William, 75
Rule, Gordon, 122
Rumsfeld, Donald, 96
Rushford, Greg, 145, 154
Russ, Robert O., 174-75
Russell, Richard, 7I
Ryther, Phil, 58

Safire, William, 23
Sakharov, Andrei, 134
SANE, 133-34
Sansone, Joseph S., Jr., 177
Savy, William A., 84
Sawyer, G. A., 197
SCAM Improvement, 183
Scarret, Tom, 132-33
Schedler, Spencer, 12, 20, 28, 64,
112
Schlesinger, James (Dr. Doom),
229
Dollar Model, 76, 182, 183
firing of, 91
and firing of Fitzgerald, 21, 32-33
and Fitzgerald's reinstatement
hearings, 68
and military spending policy,
28, 33, 38, 75-77, 80-82, 89,
91
and Northrop audit, 90
and work measurement, 79
Schneider, Greg, 102
Scholzen, John, 106
Schroeder, Patricia, 125
Scowcroft, Brent, 233
Seamans, Robert, 16, 21
and C-5A scandal, 10, 12, 15,
17
executive privilege used by, 2
and firing of Fitzgerald, 2, 9-10,
12, 18, 19, 20, 28, 30, 33,
34, 37, 64, 73
and Fitzgerald's damage suit,
112, 126
and Fitzgerald's reinstatement
hearings, 56, 57-58, 59, 64,
69
Secrecy, 3, 4, 6, 90, 91-92, 110
oaths, 92, 258, 260
See also Standard Form 189 (SF
189)
Securities and Exchange Commission
(SEC), 193, 251, 266
and C-5A scandal, 16, 17, 27
Security
clearance, 306, 311-12
leaks. See Standard Form 189
(SF 189)
Shaheen, Mike, 120
Sherick, Joe, 168
Shillito, Barry, 22
Short Range Attack Missile
(SRAM), 21
Should-cost standards for contract
pricing, 17, 44, 50, 51,
52, 53, 77, 79, 159, 164, 221-22,
228, 304
Shoup, David, 22
Sidewinder missile, 147
Sikorski, Gerry, 195-96, 215,
266, 275, 276 '
Silbert, Earl, 1I6, 1I8-19
Silby, Frank, ro 5
Simons, William, 244
Sims, John Cary, 124
Skantze, Larry, 189, 190, 197, 221
and investigation of Hughes
Aircraft, 205, 208
and investigation of MX missile,
251, 252
Slay, Alton, 152, 154
Small Fred, 108-9
Small Business Administration
(SBA), 150-51
Smith, Barney investment brokers,
221
Smith, Denny, 172, 224, 312
SNECMA corporation, 179
Snepp, Frank, 268
Social Security, 294, 295
Sollee, Bill, 55, 56, 64, 69, 74
Solzhenitsyn, Alexander, 134
Southeast Asia war, 23, 27, 28,
29, 42, 91
body counts, 39-40
and military budget, 80, 81,
129, 294
Soviet Union, 43, 83, 129-30,
133-34, 293
invasion of Afghanistan, 98
Korean airliner disaster, 160-62
military budget, 76, 96, 97, 99,
182-83
Space Technology, 226
Spanton, George, 143-44, 146,
155, 162-631 195, 229, 287
and investigation of General
Dynamics, 194, 198-99
and labor charges audit, 165,
166, 168, 169
Spare parts, 186, 211-12
Fitzgerald's investigation of,
151, 152
for MX missile, 249-50
pricing scandal, 139-41, 150,
151-52, 155, I58-59, 232,
282, 283
"20/20" expose of, 154, 155,
156, 159
See also Contracts, military:
tools
Spector, Eleanor, 188
Speed, Thomas, 250, 252
Sperry Corporation, 193
Spinney, Franklin C. "Chuck, "
169, 263, 284
Spratt, John, 290
Sprey, Pierre, 54
Staats, Elmer, 15, 51, 133
Staiman, Herman, 56-57, 58, 60,
61, 64, 69-70
Standard Form 189 (SF 189), 261-69, 272, 273, 274, 275, 278,
298
Standard hour of work, 44-45,
77, 141, 142, 156, 189
See also Dollars per standard
labor hour index
Stapleton, John D., 117
Stempler, Jack, 69, 90
Stennis, John, 113, 118
Stern, Lawrence, 21-22
Stetson, John, 101
Stewart, James 20
Stilwell, Richard G., 261
Stimson, Richard, 144, 164, 188,
209
Productivity/Quality Network,
190, 192, 200
Stockman, David, 128-29
Stockton, Peter, 90, 119
and C-5A scandal, 13-16
and competition bribery, 305,
306
and firing of Fitzgerald, 16,
116-17
and Fitzgerald's damage suit,
120
and investigation of General
Dynamics, 194, 195, 198
and investigation of procurement
practices, 193, 218,
220, 287
and MX missile, 249
and secrecy issues, 264, 266
Stokes, Louis, 268
Stratton, Sam, 255
Stretchouts, 172-73, 282
Sullivan, Gene, 185
Sullivan, Pat, 192, 193
Sullivan, Vincent, 118
Sullivan, William "Crazy Billy, "
23-24, 35
Support equipment. See
Contracts, military: tools
Sweeney, Dan, 272
Sylvester, George, 205, 248
Syslo, J. M., 152
System Program Office (SPO),
14

T-38 training plane, 84
Taft, William Howard, 11
Taft, William Howard IV, 274,
225-26
Tammen, Ron, 90, 121
Tanguy, Robert, 100
Taylor, Maxwell, 22
Taxation, 4, 294, 295, 302
Teagarden, Claude, 58, 63
Technology transfer, 83
Temple, Ralph, 6, 55, 74, 124
Terrill, Delbert "Chip, " 167,
195
Thompson, Bill, 166
Thompson, Charlie, 154-55
Thompson, Paul, 260
Thorson, Eric, 205-6, 207-8, 222
Time, 80, 290
Tojo, Hideki, 309
Tool purchases. See Contracts,
military: tools
Top Secret: National Security
and the Right to Know, 270
Tower, John, 229
Trenton Boyd memo, 14, 16
Triumph of Politics, The, 128
Truman, Harry, 5, 225, 242
TRW Corporation, 182, 253
Tuebner, Hal, 119
TVA, 266
"20/20" program, 154, 155, 156,
159
Tyler, Pat, 195, 196
Tyrrell, Mert, 21, 50

United Technologies, 152
Unisys Corporation, 287, 291-92
Urquart, Gordon, 164

Vance, Cyrus, 95
VanCleve, William R., 229
Vander Schaaf, Derek, 290-91
Vaughn, Robert, 102, 103
Vaught, Wilma, 138
Veliotis, P. Takis, 195, 196
Vietnam war. See Southeast Asia
war

Wacker, Fred, 98
Wade, Jim, 191, 192
Waldie, Jerry, 62, 67, 111
Wall Street Journal, 3, 232
Walters, Johnnie, 66
Warner, John, 287-88, 289
War on Poverty, 160
Warren, Jerry, 7 I
Warren, Joc, 286
Washington Field Office (WFO),
115, 116, 120
Washington Monthly, 107, 177
Washington Post
and C-5A scandal, 16, 19
and Fitzgerald case, 34, 63
and military spending and procurement
bribery, 21, 42, 9 6,
288-89, 29, 299, 312
and reorganization, 246
and secrecy issues, 92, 271
and spare parts scandal, 157-
58, 219, 226
Washington Star, 96, 97, 98
Washington Times, 144, 145
Watergate scandal and hearings,
23, 36, 60, 63, 68, 116, 120
and executive privilege, 2, 65
and national security, 91
Watts, Claudius E. "Bud" III,
246, 25 6-57, 271, 298
Watts, William, 37
Webster, William, 115, 120
Weicker, Lowell, 298
Weinberger, Caspar, 129, 135,
145, 146, 147, 195, 290, 297,
298-99
and investigation of General
Dynamics, 196, 197-98
and investigation of Hughes
Aircraft, 203, 211
and military spending budget,
policy, 169, 174, 210, 225,
226, 235, 240
and New Order, 245
and Packard Commission report,
232, 2331 234
and secrecy issues, 259-60, 261
Weiner, Tim, 311
Weisbrod, Hubert, 85
Weiss, Bernie, 146, 152-53, 168,
176
Weld, William, 286, 287, 289
Welfare system, 308
Wertheim, Mitzi, 95, 101
Westinghouse, 211, 216-18
Westinghouse Electric, 165-66
Westover, Timothy, 207, 208
Wheeler, Winslow, 183
White, Byron, 125
White, Steve, 202, 209
White, William S., 43
White House Years, The, 37
Whittaker, Phillip, 28
Wild Blue Yonder, 99
Will, George, 129, 280
and spare parts scandal, 1155,
177, 235
Willard, Richard, 273, 277-78
Williams, John, 29
Williams, Jon, 213
Willoughby, Will, 209
Wilson, David, 64
Winkler, J. T., 308
Wiretapping, 23, 26, 69, 122, 124
Wirth, Timothy, 225
Witt, Hugh, 71
Woehrle, Chuck, 166, 167, 211
Wolfe, Fred, 254-55
Wolfe, Jim, 184, 185, 199, 263
Wood, Frederick, 2 15
Woodruff, William, 71-73, 78,
79, 88
Woolsey, James, 230
Work measurement, 44-45, 51,
138, 142-43, 145, 187, 191,
305
actual times, 169, 189
by ALC, 78, 79
dollar per standard labor hour
index, 51, 52-53, 78, 79, 149,
156, 187
Military Standard for, 239
should-take times, 44, 52, 139,
140, 141, 142, 169, 189
standard hour of work, 44-45,
77, 141, 142, 156, 189-90
touch labor, 51, 52
Wyden, Ron, 195, 233

Yates, Ronald, 215~I6
Yom Kippur war, 81
Young, Duff, 187

Ziegler, Ron, 34, 36, 37-38, 59,
71
Zill, Anne, 104, 121, 131, 266-67
Zoeckler, Zeke, 244
Zuchert, Eugene, 8
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