Part 3 of 3
Notable progressive leaders• Jane Addams, social reformer
• Susan B. Anthony, suffragist
• Robert P. Bass, New Hampshire politician
• Charles A. Beard, historian and political scientist
• Louis Brandeis, Supreme Court justice
• William Jennings Bryan, Democratic presidential nominee in 1896, 1900, 1908; Secretary of State
• Lucy Burns, suffragist
• Andrew Carnegie, steel magnate, philanthropist
• Carrie Chapman Catt, suffragist
• Winston Churchill, author (not the British politician)
• Herbert Croly, journalist
• Clarence Darrow, lawyer
• Eugene V. Debs, American socialist, political activist, trade unionist, and five times the candidate of the Socialist Party of America for President of the United States.
• John Dewey, philosopher
• W. E. B. Du Bois, Black scholar
• Thomas Edison, inventor
• Irving Fisher, economist
• Abraham Flexner, education
• Henry Ford, automaker
• Henry George, writer on political economy
• Charlotte Perkins Gilman, feminist
• Susan Glaspell, playwright, novelist
• Emma Goldman, anarchist, philosopher, writer
• Lewis Hine, photographer
• Charles Evans Hughes, statesman
• William James, philosopher
• Hiram Johnson, Governor of California
• Mary Harris "Mother" Jones, union activist
• Samuel M. Jones, politician, reformer
• Florence Kelley, child advocate
• Robert M. La Follette Sr., Governor of Wisconsin
• Fiorello LaGuardia, U.S. Congressman from New York; New York City mayor
• Walter Lippmann, journalist
• Mayo Brothers, medicine
• Fayette Avery McKenzie, sociology
• John R. Mott, YMCA leader
• George Mundelein, Catholic leader
• Alice Paul, suffragist
• Ulrich B. Phillips, historian
• Gifford Pinchot, conservationist
• Walter Rauschenbusch, theologian of Social Gospel
• Jacob Riis, reformer
• John D. Rockefeller Jr., philanthropist
• Theodore Roosevelt, President
• Elihu Root, statesman
• Margaret Sanger, birth control activist
• Anna Howard Shaw, suffragist
• Upton Sinclair, novelist
• Albion Small, sociologist
• Ellen Gates Starr, sociologist
• Lincoln Steffens, reporter
• Henry Stimson, statesman
• William Howard Taft, President and Chief Justice
• Ida Tarbell, muckraker
• Frederick Winslow Taylor, efficiency expert
• Frederick Jackson Turner, historian
• Thorstein Veblen, economist
• Lester Frank Ward, sociologist
• Ida B. Wells, Black leader
• Burton Kendall Wheeler, Montana politician
• Woodrow Wilson, President
See also• Efficiency Movement
• Machine age
• Trust-busting
• Wisconsin Idea
• Woman's club movement
• Edwardian era, for comparable trends in Great Britain around 1910
Key legislation• New York State Tenement House Act
• Sherman Antitrust Act
Notes
References1. John D. Buenker, John C. Boosham, and Robert M. Crunden, Progressivism (1986) pp 3–21
2. James H. Timberlake, Prohibition and the progressive movement, 1900–1920 (1970) pp 1–7.
3. On purification, see David W. Southern, The Malignant Heritage: Yankee Progressives and the Negro Question, 1900–1915 (1968); Southern, The Progressive Era And Race: Reaction And Reform 1900–1917 (2005); Norman H. Clark, Deliver Us from Evil: An Interpretation of American Prohibition (1976) p 170; and Aileen Kraditor, The Ideas of the Woman Suffrage Movement: 1890–1920 (1967). 134–36.
4. McGerr, Michael. A Fierce Discontent: The Rise and Fall of The Progressive Movement in America. Oxford University Press. p. 77.
5. Richard Hofstadter, The Progressive Historians: Turner, Beard, Parrington (1968)
6. Joseph Dorfman, The economic mind in American civilization, 1918–1933 vol 3, 1969
7. Barry Karl, Charles E. Merriam and the Study of Politics (1975)
8. George Mowry, The California Progressives (1963) p 91.
9. Daniel T. Rodgers, Atlantic Crossings: Social Politics in a Progressive Age (1998)
10. Michael Kazin; et al. (2011). The Concise Princeton Encyclopedia of American Political Turn up History. Princeton University Press. p. 181. ISBN 9781400839469.
11. "Credit Union History".
12. Lewis L. Gould, America in the Progressive Era, 1890–1914 (2000)
13. David B. Tyack, The One Best System: A History of American Urban Education (Harvard UP, 1974), p. 39
14. Peter C. Holloran et al. eds. (2009). The A to Z of the Progressive Era. Scarecrow Press. p. 266. ISBN 9780810870697.
15. Herbert Shapiro, ed., The muckrakers and American society (Heath, 1968), contains representative samples as well as academic commentary.
16. Judson A. Grenier, "Muckraking the muckrakers: Upton Sinclair and his peers." in David R Colburn and Sandra Pozzetta, eds., Reform and Reformers in the Progressive Era (1983) pp: 71–92.
17. Arlene F. Kantor, "Upton Sinclair and the Pure Food and Drugs Act of 1906.: 'I aimed at the public's heart and by accident I hit it in the stomach'." American Journal of Public Health 66.12 (1976): 1202–1205.
18. Robert Miraldi, ed. The Muckrakers: Evangelical Crusaders (Praeger, 2000)
19. Harry H. Stein, "American Muckrakers and Muckraking: The 50-Year Scholarship," Journalism Quarterly, (1979) 56#1 pp. 9–17
20. John D. Buenker, and Robert M. Crunden. Progressivism (1986); Maureen Flanagan, America Reformed: Progressives and Progressivisms, 1890–1920s (2007)
21. Samuel Haber, Efficiency and Uplift Scientific Management in the Progressive Era 1890–1920 (1964) 656
22. Daniel Nelson, Frederick W. Taylor and the Rise of Scientific Management (1970).
23. J.-C. Spender; Hugo Kijne (2012). Scientific Management: Frederick Winslow Taylor's Gift to the World?. Springer. p. 63. ISBN 9781461314219.
24. Olivier Zunz, Philanthropy in America: A History (2012) ch 1 excerpt and text search
25. Nikki Mandell, "Allies or Antagonists? Philanthropic Reformers and Business Reformers in the Progressive Era," Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era (2012), 11#1 71–117.
26. Branden Little. "Review of Jones, Marian Moser, The American Red Cross from Clara Barton to the New Deal" H-SHGAPE, H-Net Reviews. August, 2013, online
27. Zunz, p. 42
28. McGerr, Michael (2003). A Fierce Discontent. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 65.
29. Wiebe, Robert H (1967). The Search For Order: 1877–1920. New York: Hill and Wang. p. 111.
30. McGerr, Michael (2003). A Fierce Discontent. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 66.
31. McGerr, Michael (2003). A Fierce Discontent. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 40–74.
32. William H. Harbaugh, "Roosevelt, Theodore (27 October 1858–06 January 1919)" American National Biography(1999) online
33. Cooper (2009), pp. 183–184
34. Cooper (2009), pp. 186–187
35. Cooper (2009), pp. 212–213, 274
36. Lloyd Ambrosius (2002). Wilsonianism: Woodrow Wilson and His Legacy in American Foreign Relations. Palgrave Macmillan US. ISBN 978-1-4039-7004-6.
37. Tony Smith, Why Wilson Matters: The Origin of American Liberal Internationalism and Its Crisis Today (2019).
38. Shesol 2010, p. 27
39. Shoemaker 2004, pp. 63–64
40. Henretta 2006, pp. 136–137
41. "The Big Burn-Transcript". American Experience. PBS. 3 February 2015. Retrieved 23 January 2019.
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44. "Upton Sinclair", Press in America, PB works.
45. Sinclair, Upton (1994). I, Candidate for Governor: And How I Got Licked. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. p. 109. ISBN 978-0-520-08197-0.
46. I, Candidate for Governor.
47. Weinberg 2008, p. xiv.
48. Conway 1993, p. 211.
49. Yergin 1991, p. 89.
50. Newman, John; Schmalbach, John (2015). United States History (2015 ed.). Amsco. p. 434. ISBN 978-0-7891-8904-2.
51. Soule, George. Ideas of the Great Economists. New English Library, 1979.
52. D. W. Levy (1985). Herbert Croly of the New Republic: the Life and Thought of an American Progressive. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-04725-1.
53. Croly, Herbert (2014). The Promise of American Life: Updated Edition. Princeton University Press. p. 237.
54. Kevin C. O'Leary (1994). "Herbert Croly and progressive democracy". Polity. 26 (4): 533–552. JSTOR 3235094.
55. "Mary Harris Jones". Mother Jones Commemorative committee. Retrieved 30 November 2012. ... This plaque will be erected near the famous Cork Butter Market and will be unveiled on 1st August 2012 which is the 175th Anniversary of her baptism in the North Cathedral [St. Mary's Cathedral] (we have not been able to ascertain her actual date of birth but it would most likely have been a few days before this date). Her parents were Ellen Cotter, a native of Inchigeela and Richard Harris from Cork city. Few details of her life in Cork have been uncovered to date, though it is thought by some that she was born on Blarney Street and may have attended the North Presentation Schools nearby. She and her family emigrated to Canada soon after the Famine, probably in the early 1850s. ...
56. "Mother Jones (1837–1930)". AFL-CIO. Retrieved 30 November 2012.
57. Franklin, D. (1986). Mary Richmond and Jane Addams: From Moral Certainty to Rational Inquiry in Social Work Practice. Social Service Review , 504–525.
58. Chambers, C. (1986). Women in the Creation of the Profession of Social Work. Social Service Review , 60 (1), 1–33.
59. Deegan, M. J. (1988). Jane Addams and the Men of the Chicago School, 1892 – 1918. New Brunswick, NJ, USA: Transaction Books.
60. Shields, Patricia M. (2017). Jane Addams: Pioneer in American Sociology, Social Work and Public Administration. In, P. Shields Editor, Jane Addams: Progressive Pioneer of Peace, Philosophy, Sociology, Social Work and Public Administration pp. 43–68.ISBN 978-3-319-50646-3
61. Stivers, C. (2009). A Civic Machinery for Democratic Expression: Jane Addams on Public Administration. In M. Fischer, C. Nackenoff, & W. Chielewski, Jane Addams and the Practice of Democracy (pp. 87–97). Chicago, Illinois: University of Illinois Press.
62. Shields, Patricia M. (2017). Jane Addams: Peace Activist and Peace Theorist In, P. Shields Editor, Jane Addams: Progressive Pioneer of Peace, Philosophy, Sociology, Social Work and Public Administration pp. 31–42. ISBN 978-3-319-50646-3
63. "Celebrating Women's History Month: The Fight for Women's Rights and the American Civil Liberties Union, ACLU". ACLU Virginia.
64. Stuart, Paul H. "Social Work Profession: History". SOCIAL WORK National Assoc. of Social Workers Press. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
65. Maurice Hamington, "Jane Addams" in Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2010) portrays her as a radical pragmatist and the first woman "public philosopher" in United States history.
66. Caves, R. W. (2004). Encyclopedia of the City. Routledge. p. 8.
67. David E. Kyvig, Explicit and authentic acts: amending the U.S. Constitution, 1776–1995 (Kansas UP, 1996) pp. 208–14;Hedwig Richter: TRANSNATIONAL REFORM AND DEMOCRACY: ELECTION REFORMS IN NEW YORK CITY AND BERLIN AROUND 1900, in: Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 15 (2016), 149–175 URL:
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69. Gwendoline Alphonso, "Hearth and Soul: Economics and Culture in Partisan Conceptions of the Family in the Progressive Era, 1900–1920," Studies in American Political Development, Oct 2010, Vol. 24 Issue 2, pp. 206–32
70. D'Ann Campbell, "Judge Ben Lindsey and the Juvenile Court Movement, 1901–1904," Arizona and the West, 1976, Vol. 18 Issue 1, pp. 5–20
71. James Marten, ed. Children and Youth during the Gilded Page and Progressive Era (2014)
72. Mark., P. Leone (2017). Atlantic Crossings in the Wake of Frederick Douglass : Archaeology, Literature, and Spatial Culture. Jenkins, Lee. Boston: BRILL. pp. 93–4. ISBN 9789004343481. OCLC 979148778.
73. Mark., P. Leone (2017). Atlantic Crossings in the Wake of Frederick Douglass : Archaeology, Literature, and Spatial Culture. Jenkins, Lee. Boston: BRILL. p. 96. ISBN 9789004343481. OCLC 979148778.
74. Mark., P. Leone (2017). Atlantic Crossings in the Wake of Frederick Douglass : Archaeology, Literature, and Spatial Culture. Jenkins, Lee. Boston: BRILL. pp. 93–100. ISBN 9789004343481. OCLC 979148778.
75. Marc T. Law, "The Origins of State Pure Food Regulation," Journal of Economic History, Dec 2003, Vol. 63 Issue 4, pp. 1103–31
76. Black, Gregory D. Hollywood Censored: Morality Codes, Catholics, and the Movies. Cambridge University Press 1994
77. Julie Greene, Pure and Simple Politics: The American Federation of Labor and Political Activism, 1881–1917 (1998)
78. Saros, Daniel (2009). Labor, Industry, and Regulation during the Progressive Era. 270 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10016: Routledge. p. 3.
79. William Bauchop Wilson
80. Iga.ucdavis.edu
81. Bls.gov
82. Paige Meltzer, "The Pulse and Conscience of America" The General Federation and Women's Citizenship, 1945–1960," Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies (2009), Vol. 30 Issue 3, pp. 52–76. online
83. 1948–, Simmons, Christina (2011). Making marriage modern : women's sexuality from the Progressive Era to World War II (1st paperback ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199874033. OCLC 773370033.
84. Eleanor Flexner, Century of Struggle (1959), pp. 208–17.
85. Corrine M. McConnaughy, The Woman Suffrage Movement in America: A Reassessment (2013).
86. Nancy F. Cott, The Grounding of Modern Feminism (1989) pp. 51–82
87. John Dittmer, Black Georgia in the Progressive era, 1900–1920 (1980).
88. David W. Southern, The Progressive Era and Race: Reaction and Reform, 1900–1917 (2005)
89. Angela Jones, African American Civil Rights: Early Activism and the Niagara Movement (2011) online
90. Debra Reid, "Rural African Americans and Progressive Reform," Agricultural History (2000) 74#2 pp. 322–41 on Texas.
91. Dianne D. Glave, "'A Garden so Brilliant With Colors, so Original in its Design': Rural African American Women, Gardening, Progressive Reform, and the Foundation of an African American Environmental Perspective." Environmental History 8#3 (2003): 395–411.
92. Dianne D. Glave and Mark Stoll, eds., To Love the Wind and the Rain': African Americans and Environmental History.(2006).
93. Mark D. Hersey, My Work Is That of Conservation: An Environmental Biography of George Washington Carver (2011) online
94. Keire, Mara L. (2001). "The Vice Trust: A Reinterpretation of the White Slavery Scare in the United States, 1907–1917". Journal of Social History. 35: 5–41. doi:10.1353/jsh.2001.0089.
95. Durrheim, Kevin; Dixon, John (2005). Racial Encounter: The Social Psychology of Contact and Desegregation. Routledge. pp. 134–135. ISBN 9781135648398.
96. Luebke, Paul (2000). Tar Heel Politics 2000. The University of North Carolina Press. p. 134. ISBN 9780807889329.
97. Noel, Hans (2014). Political Ideologies and Political Parties in America. Cambridge University Press. p. 147. ISBN 9781107038318.
98. Woodward, C. Vann (1955). The Strange Career of Jim Crow.
99. Schmidt, Benno C. (June 1982). "Principle and Prejudice: The Supreme Court and Race in the Progressive Era. Part 3: Black Disfranchisement from the KKK to the Grandfather Clause". Columbia Law Review. 82 (5): 835–905. doi:10.2307/1122210. JSTOR 1122210.
100. Michael., McGerr (2014). A fierce discontent : the rise and fall of the progressive movement in a. Free Press. ISBN 9781439136034. OCLC 893124592.
101. Hovenkamp, H. 2017 The Progressives: Racism and Public Law Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper Series, 59 Ariz. L. Rev. 947
102. John M. Allswang, The initiative and referendum in California, 1898–1998, (2000) ch 1
103. "State Initiative and Referendum Summary". State Initiative & Referendum Institute at USC. Archived from the original on 11 February 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2006.
104. Alan Ware, The American direct primary: party institutionalization and transformation (2002)
105. Christopher Hoebeke, The road to mass democracy: original intent and the Seventeenth Amendment (1995) p. 18
106. Melvin G. Holli, Reform in Detroit: Hazen S. Pingree and Urban Politics (1969).
107. Kenneth Finegold, "Traditional Reform, Municipal Populism, and Progressivism," Urban Affairs Review, (1995) 31#1 pp 20–42
108. Arthur E. DeMatteo, "The Progressive As Elitist: 'Golden Rule' Jones And The Toledo Charter Reform Campaign of 1901," Northwest Ohio Quarterly, (1997) 69#1 pp 8–30
109. Eugene M. Tobin, "The Progressive as Single Taxer: Mark Fagan and the Jersey City Experience, 1900–1917," American Journal of Economics & Sociology, (1974) 33#3 pp 287–298
110. Martin J. Schiesl, "Progressive Reform in Los Angeles under Mayor Alexander, 1909–1913," California Historical Quarterly, (1975) 534#1, pp:37–56
111. G. Wayne Dowdy, "'A Business Government by a Business Man': E. H. Crump as a Progressive Mayor, 1910–1915," Tennessee Historical Quarterly, (2001) 60#3 3, pp 162–175
112. William E. Ellis, "Robert Worth Bingham and Louisville Progressivism, 1905–1910," Filson Club History Quarterly, (1980) 54#2 pp 169–195
113. William Thomas Hutchinson, Lowden of Illinois: the life of Frank O. Lowden (1957) vol 2
114. "Progressivism and the Wisconsin Idea". Wisconsin Historical Society. 2008.
115. William L. Bowers, "Country-Life Reform, 1900–1920: A Neglected Aspect of Progressive Era History." Agricultural History 45#3 (1971): 211–21. JSTOR 3741982
116. Stuart W. Shulman, "The Progressive Era Farm Press," Journalism History (1999) 25#1 pp. 27–36.
117. William A. Link, A Hard Country and a Lonely Place: Schooling, Society, and Reform in Rural Virginia, 1870–1920(1986).
118. Harold U. Faulkner, The Decline of Laissez Faire, 1897–1917 (1951) pp. 233–36.
119. Charles Lee Dearing, American highway policy (1942).
120. Tammy Ingram, Dixie Highway: Road Building and the Making of the Modern South, 1900–1930 (2014).
121. David R. Reynolds, There goes the neighborhood: Rural school consolidation at the grass roots in early twentieth-century Iowa (University of Iowa Press, 2002).
122. Danbom, David B. (April 1979). "Rural Education Reform and the Country Life Movement, 1900–1920". Agricultural History. 53 (2): 464–66. JSTOR 3742421.
123. Ellen Natasha Thompson, " The Changing Needs of Our Youth Today: The Response of 4-H to Social and Economic Transformations in Twentieth-century North Carolina." (PhD Diss. University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2012). online
124. Marilyn Irvin Holt, Linoleum, Better Babies, and the Modern Farm Woman, 1890–1930 (1995).
125. Danbom 1979, p. 473.
126. Richard Jensen and Mark Friedberger, Education and Social Structure: An Historical Study of Iowa, 1870–1930 (Chicago: Newberry Library, 1976, online).
127. David E. Kyvig, Explicit and authentic acts: amending the U.S. Constitution, 1776–1995 (1996)
128. Ballard Campbell, "Economic Causes of Progressivism," Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era, Jan 2005, Vol. 4 Issue 1, pp. 7–22
129. Harold U. Faulkner, The Decline of Laissez Faire, 1897–1917 (1951)
130. Vincent W. Howard, "Woodrow Wilson, The Press, and Presidential Leadership: Another Look at the Passage of the Underwood Tariff, 1913," CR: The Centennial Review, 1980, Vol. 24 Issue 2, pp. 167–14
131. Arthur S. Link, Woodrow Wilson and the progressive Era, 1910–1917 (1954) pp. 25–80
132. Faith Jaycox (2005). The Progressive Era: Eyewitness History. Infobase. p. 403. ISBN 9780816051595.
133. "Automobiles in the Progressive Era – American Memory Timeline- Classroom Presentation | Teacher Resources – Library of Congress".
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134. Robert D. Parmet, Labor and immigration in industrial America (1987) p. 146
135. Gwendolyn Mink, Old Labor and New Immigrants in American Political Development: Union, Party and State, 1875–1920 (1990)
136. Daniel J. Tichenor, Dividing lines: the politics of immigration control in America (2002) p. 71
137. Claudia Goldin, "The Political Economy of Immigration Restriction in the United States, 1890 to 1921," in Goldin, The regulated economy (1994) ch 7
138. Thomas C. Leonard, "Retrospectives: Eugenics and Economics in the Progressive Era" Journal of Economic Perspectives, (2005) 19(4): 207–24
139. James R. Barrett, "Americanization from the Bottom, Up: Immigration and the Remaking of the American Working Class, 1880–1930," Journal of American History 79 (December 1992): 996–1020. JSTOR 2080796
140. Christina A. Ziegler-McPherson, Americanization in the States: Immigrant Social Welfare Policy, Citizenship, and National Identity in the United States, 1908–1929 (2009)
141. E. James Hindman, "The General Arbitration Treaties of William Howard Taft." Historian 36.1 (1973): 52–65. online
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143. Arthur S. Link (1956). Wilson, Volume II: The New Freedom. p. 278. ISBN 9781400875825.
144. 1948–, Flanagan, Maureen A. (2007). America reformed : Progressives and progressivisms, 1890s–1920s. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195172195. OCLC 63179060.
145. Meiser, Jeffrey (2015). Power and Restraint. United States: Georgetown University Press. p. 60. ISBN 978-1-62616-177-1.
146. MILLER, STUART CREIGHTON (1982). Benevolent Assimilation: The American Conquest of the Philippines, 1899–1903. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300030815. JSTOR j.ctt1nqbjc.
147. Andrew Roberts, A History of the English-Speaking Peoples Since 1900 (2008), p 26.
148. Theresa Ventura, "From Small Farms to Progressive Plantations: The Trajectory of Land Reform in the American Colonial Philippines, 1900–1916." Agricultural History 90#4 (2016): 459–483. JSTOR 10.3098/ah.2016.090.4.459
149. Mina Roces, "Filipino Elite Women and Public Health in the American Colonial Era, 1906–1940." Women's History Review 26#3 (2017): 477–502.
150. Leonard, Thomas C. (2005) Retrospectives: Eugenics and Economics in the Progressive Era Journal of Economic Perspectives, 19(4): 207–24
151. Nancy Cohen, The reconstruction of American liberalism, 1865–1914 (2002) p. 243
152. Celeste Michelle Condit, The meanings of the gene: public debates about human heredity (1999) p. 51
153. K. Austin Kerr, Organized for Prohibition: A New History of the Anti-Saloon League (1985).
154. James Timberlake, Prohibition and the Progressive Movement, 1900–1920 (Harvard UP, 1963)
155. Jack S. Blocker, American Temperance Movements: Cycles of Reform (1989)
156. Jed Dannenbaum, Drink and Disorder: Temperance Reform in Cincinnati from the Washingtonian Revival to the WCTU (1984)
157. Kerr, Organized for Prohibition: A New History of the Anti-Saloon League (1985)
158. Michael., McGerr (2003). A fierce discontent. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 88–89.
159. S.J. Mennell, "Prohibition: A Sociological View," Journal of American Studies 3, no. 2 (1969): 159–75.
160. David E. Kyvig,Repealing National Prohibition (2000)
161. Johnson, Earl. 1962. "Organized Crime: Challenge to the American." Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 53 (4): 399–425.
162. Sandbrook, Dominic. 2012. How Prohibition backfired and gave America an era of gangsters and speakeasies. August 25. Accessed February 11, 2019.
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163. Reese, William (2001). "The Origins of Progressive Education". History of Education Quarterly. 41 (1): 1–24. doi:10.1111/j.1748-5959.2001.tb00072.x. JSTOR 369477.
164. "A Brief Overview of Progressive Education". Retrieved 8 February 2019.
165. Mintz, Steven. "Statistics: Education in America, 1860–1950". History Now. Retrieved 8 February 2019.
166. "Table of Contents: Stir It up".
167. Powers, Jane B. (1992). The Girl Question: Vocational Training for Young Women in the Progressive Era. Washington D.C: Routledge. pp. 12–16.
168. McGerr, Michael (2003). A Fierce Discontent: The Rise And Fall Of The Progressive Movement In America, 1870–1920. New York: New York:Free Press. pp. 107–110.
169. Abraham Flexner, Flexner Report on Medical Education in the United States and Canada 1910 (new edition 1960)
170. Lawrence Friedman and Mark McGarvie, Charity, philanthropy, and civility in American history (2003) p. 231
171. W. Bruce Fye, "The Origins and Evolution of the Mayo Clinic from 1864 to 1939: A Minnesota Family Practice Becomes an International 'Medical Mecca'", Bulletin of the History of Medicine Volume 84, Number 3, Fall 2010 pp. 323–57 in Project MUSE
172. Steven J. Diner, A Very Different Age: Americans of the Progressive Era (1998) p. 186
173. Eric Goldman, Rendezvous with Destiny: A History of Modern American Reform (1952)
174. Melvin G. Holli, Reform in Detroit: Hazen S. Pingree and Urban Politics (1969)
175. David P. Thelen, The New Citizenship: Origins of Progressivism in Wisconsin, 1885–1900 (1972)
176. Paul L. Murphy, "World War I and the Origin of Civil Liberties in the United States" (1979)
177. Jane Addams, Bread and Peace in Time of War (1922)
178. John Milton Cooper, Breaking the Heart of the World: Woodrow Wilson and the Fight for the League of Nations (2010)
179. Richard Hofstadter, The Age of Reform (1955) p. 287
180. Arthur S. Link, "What Happened to the Progressive Movement in the 1920s?," American Historical Review Vol. 64, No. 4 (Jul., 1959), pp. 833–51 JSTOR 1905118
181. Niall A. Palmer, The Twenties in America: Politics and History (2006) p. 176
182. Patrick Gerster and Nicholas Cords, Myth in American History (1977) p. 203
183. Stanley Coben, "Ordinary white Protestants: The KKK of the 1920s," Journal of Social History, (1994) 28#1 pp. 155–65
184. Rodney P. Carlisle, Hearst and the New Deal: The Progressive as Reactionary (1979)
185. T. H. Watkins (2000). The Hungry Years: A Narrative History of the Great Depression in America. p. 313. ISBN 9780805065060.
186. Steven Watts (2009). The People's Tycoon: Henry Ford and the American Century. Knopf Doubleday. p. 430. ISBN 9780307558978.
187. Page., Smith (1985). America enters the world : a people's history of the Progressive Era and World War I. New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0070585737. OCLC 10925102.
188. Barry C. Edwards, "Putting Hoover on the Map: Was the 31st President a Progressive. Congress & the Presidency41#1 (2014) pp 49–83 online
189. Reynold M. Wik, "Henry Ford's Science and Technology for Rural America," Technology & Culture, July 1962, Vol. 3 Issue 3, pp. 247–57
190. George B. Tindall, "Business Progressivism: Southern Politics in the Twenties," South Atlantic Quarterly 62 (Winter 1963): 92–106.
191. George B. Tindall, The Emergence of the New South, 1913–1945 (1970)
192. William A. Link, The Paradox of Southern Progressivism, 1880–1930 (1997) p. 294
193. Judith Sealander, Grand Plans: Business Progressivism and Social Change in Ohio's Miami Valley, 1890–1929 (1991)
194. Maureen A. Flanagan, America Reformed: Progressives and Progressivisms, 1890s–1920s (2006)
195. Susan Zeiger, "Finding a cure for war: Women's politics and the peace movement in the 1920s," Journal of Social History, Fall 1990, Vol. 24 Issue 1, pp. 69–86 JSTOR 3787631
196. J. Stanley Lemons, "The Sheppard-Towner Act: Progressivism in the 1920s," Journal of American History Vol. 55, No. 4 (Mar., 1969), pp. 776–86 JSTOR 1900152
197. Jayne Morris-Crowther, "Municipal Housekeeping: The Political Activities of the Detroit Federation of Women's Clubs in the 1920s," Michigan Historical Review, March 2004, Vol. 30 Issue 1, pp. 31–57
198. Kristi Andersen, After suffrage: women in partisan and electoral politics before the New Deal (1996)
199. Paula S. Fass, The damned and the beautiful: American youth in the 1920s (1977) p. 30
200. Daniel T. Rodgers, Atlantic Crossings: Social Politics in a Progressive Age (2000) ch 9
201. Arthur M. Schlesinger (1959). The Crisis of the Old Order: 1919–1933. p. 242. ISBN 978-0547527635.
202. Edwards, "Putting Hoover on the Map: Was the 31st President a Progressive p 60.
203. Otis L. Graham, An Encore for Reform: The Old Progressives and the New Deal (1968)
Further reading
Overviews• Buenker, John D., John Chynoweth Burnham, and Robert Morse Crunden. Progressivism (Schenkman Books, 1977). online
• Buenker, John D., and Edward R. Kantowicz, eds. Historical dictionary of the Progressive Era, 1890–1920 (Greenwood, 1988).
• Cocks, Catherine, Peter C. Holloran and Alan Lessoff. Historical Dictionary of the Progressive Era (2009)
• Dawley, Alan. Changing the World: American Progressives in War and Revolution (2003) excerpt and text search
• Diner, Steven J. A Very Different Age: Americans of the Progressive Era (1998)
• Flanagan, Maureen. America Reformed: Progressives and Progressivisms, 1890s–1920s (2007)
• Glad, Paul W. "Progressives and the Business Culture of the 1920s," Journal of American History, Vol. 53, No. 1. (June 1966), pp. 75–89. JSTOR 1893931
• Gould, Lewis L. America in the Progressive Era, 1890–1914" (2000)
• Gould Lewis L. ed., The Progressive Era (1974)
• Hays, Samuel P. The Response to Industrialism, 1885–1914 (1957),
• Hofstadter, Richard, The Age of Reform (1954), Pulitzer Prize
• Jensen, Richard. "Democracy, Republicanism and Efficiency: The Values of American Politics, 1885–1930," in Byron Shafer and Anthony Badger, eds, Contesting Democracy: Substance and Structure in American Political History, 1775–2000 (U of Kansas Press, 2001) pp. 149–80; online version
• Kennedy, David M. ed., Progressivism: The Critical Issues (1971), readings
• Kloppenberg, James T. Uncertain victory: social democracy and progressivism in European and American thought, 1870–1920 1986 online at ACLS e-books
• Lasch, Christopher. The True and Only Heaven: Progress and its Critics (1991)
• Lears, T. J. Jackson. Rebirth of a Nation: The Remaking of Modern America, 1877–1920 (2009) excerpt and text search
• Leuchtenburg, William E. "Progressivism and Imperialism: The Progressive Movement and American Foreign Policy, 1898–1916," The Mississippi Valley Historical Review, 39#3 (1952), pp. 483–504. JSTOR 1895006
• Link, William A. The Paradox of Southern Progressivism, 1880–1930 (1992) online
• Mann, Arthur. ed., The Progressive Era (1975) excerpts from scholars and from primary sources
• McGerr, Michael. A Fierce Discontent: The Rise and Fall of the Progressive Movement in America, 1870–1920 (2003) excerpt and text search
• Mowry, George. The Era of Theodore Roosevelt and the Birth of Modern America, 1900–1912. (1954) general survey of era
• Noggle, Burl. "The Twenties: A New Historiographical Frontier," The Journal of American History, Vol. 53, No. 2. (Sep., 1966), pp. 299–314. JSTOR 1894201
• Painter, Nell Irvin. Standing at Armageddon: The United States, 1877–1919 (1987) excerpt and text search
• Pease, Otis, ed. The Progressive Years: The Spirit and Achievement of American Reform (1962), primary documents
• Rodgers, Daniel T. Atlantic Crossings: Social Politics in a Progressive Age (2000). stresses links with Europe online edition
• Solty, Ingar. "Social Imperialism as Trasformismo: A Political Economy Case Study on the Progressive Era, the Federal Reserve Act, and the U.S.'s Entry into World War One, 1890–1917", in M. Lakitsch, Ed., Bellicose Entanglements 1914: The Great War as a Global War (LIT, 2015), pp. 91–121.
• Thelen, David P. "Social Tensions and the Origins of Progressivism," Journal of American History 56 (1969), 323–41
• Wiebe, Robert. The Search For Order, 1877–1920 (1967).
• Young, Jeremy C. The Age of Charisma: Leaders, Followers, and Emotions in American Society, 1870–1940 (2017) excerpt and text search
Presidents and politics• Beale Howard K. Theodore Roosevelt and the Rise of America to World Power. (1956).
• Blum, John Morton. The Republican Roosevelt. (1954). Series of essays that examine how TR did politics
• Brands, H.W. Theodore Roosevelt (2001).
• Clements, Kendrick A. The Presidency of Woodrow Wilson (1992).
• Coletta, Paolo. The Presidency of William Howard Taft (1990).
• Collin, Richard H. "Symbiosis versus Hegemony: New Directions in the Foreign Relations Historiography of Theodore Roosevelt and William Howard Taft." Diplomatic History 19.3 (1995): 473–497. online
• Cooper, John Milton The Warrior and the Priest: Woodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt. (1983). online free; a dual biography
• Cooper, John Milton Woodrow Wilson: A Biography (2009), a standard scholarly biography
• Dalton, Kathleen. "Changing interpretations of Theodore Roosevelt and the Progressive era." in Christopher M. Nichols and Nancy C. Unger, eds A Companion to the Gilded Age and Progressive Era (2017): 296–307.
• Edwards, Barry C. "Putting Hoover on the Map: Was the 31st President a Progressive. (1975). Congress & the Presidency 41#1 (2014) pp 49–83 online
• Gould, Lewis L. The Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt (1991). Short scholarly biography; online free
• Harbaugh, William Henry. Power and Responsibility The Life and Times of Theodore Roosevelt (1961), a standard scholarly biography emphasizing politics. online free
• Harrison, Robert. Congress, Progressive Reform, and the New American State (2004).
• Hofstadter, Richard. The American Political Tradition (1948), ch. 8–9–10.
• Kolko, Gabriel (1963). The Triumph of Conservatism: A Reinterpretation of American History, 1900–1916. New York, NY: The Free Press.
• Link, Arthur S. Woodrow Wilson and the Progressive Era, 1910–1917 (1972) a standard political history of the era online
• Lurie, Jonathan. William Howard Taft: The Travails of a Progressive Conservative (2011)
• Morris, Edmund Theodore Rex. (2001), biography of T. Roosevelt covers 1901–1909
• Mowry, George E. Theodore Roosevelt and the Progressive Movement. (1946). online free
• Pestritto, R.J. "Woodrow Wilson and the Roots of Modern Liberalism." (2005).
• Rothbard, Murray N. The Progressive Era (2017), libertarian interpretation online excerpt
• Sanders, Elizabeth. Roots of Reform: Farmers, Workers and the American State, 1877–1917 (1999).
State, local, gender, ethnic, business, labor, religion• Abell, Aaron I. American Catholicism and Social Action: A Search for Social Justice, 1865–1950 (1960).
• Bruce, Kyle and Chris Nyland. "Scientific Management, Institutionalism, and Business Stabilization: 1903–1923" Journal of Economic Issues, Vol. 35, 2001. JSTOR 4227725
• Buenker, John D. Urban Liberalism and Progressive Reform (1973).
• Buenker, John D. The History of Wisconsin, Vol. 4: The Progressive Era, 1893–1914 (1998).
• Feffer, Andrew. The Chicago Pragmatists and American Progressivism (1993).
• Frankel, Noralee and Nancy S. Dye, eds. Gender, Class, Race, and Reform in the Progressive Era (1991).
• Garrigues, George. "Marguerite Martyn: America's Forgotten Journalist," City Desk Publishing (2018)Marguerite Martyn: America's Forgotten Journalist
• Hahn, Steven. A Nation under Our Feet: Black Political Struggles in the Rural South from Slavery to the Great Migration (2003).
• Huthmacher, J. Joseph. "Urban Liberalism and the Age of Reform" Mississippi Valley Historical Review 49 (1962): 231–41, JSTOR 1888628; emphasized urban, ethnic, working class support for reform
• Link, William A. The Paradox of Southern Progressivism, 1880–1930 (1992).
• Maxwell, Robert S. La Follette and the Rise of the Progressives in Wisconsin. Madison, Wis.: State Historical Society of Wisconsin, 1956.
• Montgomery, David. The Fall of the House of Labor: The workplace, the state, and American labor activism, 1865–1925 (1987).
• Muncy, Robyn. Creating A Feminine Dominion in American Reform, 1890–1935 (1991).
• Lubove, Roy. The Progressives and the Slums: Tenement House Reform in New York City, 1890–1917 Greenwood Press: 1974.
• Pollack, Norman (1962). The Populist Response to Industrial America: Midwestern Populist Thought. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
• Recchiuti, John Louis. Civic Engagement: Social Science and Progressive-Era Reform in New York City (2007).
• Stromquist, Shelton. Reinventing 'The People': The Progressive Movement, the Class Problem, and the Origins of Modern Liberalism, (U. of Illinois Press, 2006). ISBN 0-252-07269-3.
• Thelen, David. The New Citizenship, Origins of Progressivism in Wisconsin, 1885–1900 (1972).
• Wesser, Robert F. Charles Evans Hughes: politics and reform in New York, 1905–1910 (1967).
• Wiebe, Robert. "Business Disunity and the Progressive Movement, 1901–1914," The Mississippi Valley Historical Review, 44#4 (1958), pp. 664–85. JSTOR 1886602
Primary sources and year books• New International year book: 1909